Table 3.
Changes in symptoms over time: unadjusted and adjusting for age and antipsychotic medications
| Schizophrenia | MoDWP | Other Psychoses | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||
| Unadjusted | Adjusted | Unadjusted | Adjusted | Unadjusted | Adjusted | |||||||
| B | p-value | B | p-value | B | p-value | B | p-value | B | p-value | B | p-value | |
| GAF | ||||||||||||
| Time(S1) | −0.70 | <.001* | −0.59 | <.001* | 1.52 | <.001* | 1.26 | <.001* | 0.49 | .119 | 0.60 | .097 |
| Time(S2) | --- | --- | --- | --- | −0.98 | <.001* | −0.94 | <.001* | −0.99 | <.001* | −0.60 | .011 |
| Age | --- | --- | −0.10 | .231 | --- | --- | −0.07 | .415 | --- | --- | −0.31 | .055 |
| Antipsychotics | --- | --- | −0.84 | .480 | --- | --- | −4.78 | <.001* | --- | --- | −5.19 | .004* |
| Apathy-asociality | ||||||||||||
| Time(S1) | 0.34 | <.001* | 0.26 | <.001* | −0.59 | <.001* | −0.58 | <.001* | 0.22 | <.001* | 0.05 | .571 |
| Time(S2) | --- | --- | 0.48 | <.001* | 0.40 | <.001* | --- | --- | --- | --- | ||
| Age | --- | --- | 0.09 | .133 | --- | --- | 0.09 | .014 | --- | --- | 0.16 | .045 |
| Antipsychotics | --- | --- | 2.59 | .001* | --- | --- | 2.33 | <.001* | --- | --- | 1.90 | .058 |
| Inexpressivity | ||||||||||||
| Time(S1) | −0.51 | <.001* | −0.55 | <.001* | −0.45 | <.001* | −0.29 | .019 | 0.12 | .035 | 0.11 | .245 |
| Time(S2) | 0.27 | <.001* | 0.32 | .002* | 0.23 | <.001* | 0.21 | <.001* | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Age | --- | --- | 0.00 | .957 | --- | --- | −0.02 | .453 | --- | --- | 0.01 | .912 |
| Antipsychotics | --- | --- | 2.59 | .003* | --- | --- | 2.04 | <.001* | --- | --- | 1.98 | .035* |
| Reality distortion | ||||||||||||
| Time | 0.18 | <.001* | 0.20 | .003* | −0.02 | .102 | −0.04 | .056 | 0.03 | .299 | −0.04 | .553 |
| Age | --- | --- | −0.02 | .679 | --- | --- | 0.02 | .124 | --- | --- | 0.07 | .208 |
| Antipsychotics | --- | --- | −1.82 | .027 | --- | --- | 0.54 | .020 | --- | --- | 2.24 | .001* |
| Disorganization | ||||||||||||
| Time | 0.18 | <.001* | 0.18 | .001* | 0.07 | <.001* | 0.05 | .064 | 0.11 | .001* | 0.03 | .602 |
| Age | --- | --- | −0.01 | .875 | --- | --- | 0.02 | .393 | --- | --- | 0.07 | .146 |
| Antipsychotics | --- | --- | −1.65 | .005* | --- | --- | 0.00 | .990 | --- | --- | −0.05 | .939 |
| Depression | ||||||||||||
| Time(S1) | −0.10 | <.001* | −0.08 | .016 | −0.99 | .001* | −0.89 | .002* | −0.06 | .065 | −0.15 | .007* |
| Time(S2) | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.03 | .166 | 0.00 | .969 | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Age | --- | --- | −0.02 | .466 | --- | --- | 0.04 | .130 | --- | --- | 0.08 | .056 |
| Antipsychotics | --- | --- | 0.72 | .088 | --- | --- | 0.83 | .033 | --- | --- | 1.49 | .019 |
| Mania/Excitement | ||||||||||||
| Time | 0.00 | .313 | 0.01 | .149 | 0.00 | .696 | 0.00 | .887 | 0.00 | .889 | -0.01 | .368 |
| Age | --- | --- | -0.01 | .291 | --- | --- | 0.00 | .549 | --- | --- | 0.01 | .332 |
| Antipsychotics | --- | --- | -0.20 | .009* | --- | --- | 0.09 | .229 | --- | --- | 0.02 | .896 |
Note: B = change in symptom score per year; dashes indicate non-applicable (i.e., effects not included in the model). MoDWP = mood disorder with psychosis. S1 is first segment of the 20-year interval or the entire interval, if we model has only one segment; S2 is the second segment. Transition point between segments for GAF was at year 5 in MoDWP and year 7 in other psychoses; for apathy-asociality it was at year 7 in MoDWP; for inexpressivity it was at year 6 in MoDWP and year 7 in schizophrenia; for depression it was at year 2 in MoDWP. Sample size is N = 175 for schizophrenia, 137 for MoDWP, and 61 for other psychoses.
*
p <.01