Table 2.
Comparison of Blood and CSF Cytokine Alterations in Patients with Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder, and MDD vs Controls
| Marker | Blood31 | CSF | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-Episode | Acutely Ill | Outpatient | ||
| Schizophrenia | ||||
| IL-1β | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ |
| IL-2 | NS | NS | NS | NS |
| sIL-2R | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ |
| IL-6 | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ |
| IL-8 | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ |
| TNF-α | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | |
| Bipolar disorder | ||||
| IL-1β | ↑ | ↑ | ||
| IL-2 | ||||
| sIL-2R | ||||
| IL-6 | ↑ | ↑ | NS | |
| IL-8 | NS | |||
| TNF-α | ↑ | NS | ||
| MDD | ||||
| IL-1β | NS | NS | NS | |
| IL-2 | NS | ↑ | ||
| sIL-2R | NS | |||
| IL-6 | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | |
| IL-8 | NS | ↑ | ||
| TNF-α | ↑ | NS | NS | |
Note: CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; MDD, major depressive disorder; NS, not significant; ↑, Significantly increased in patients vs controls; ↓, Significantly decreased in patients vs controls.