Table 2.

Pharmacological Characteristics of Direct Oral Anticoagulants¹⁶–¹⁸

Drug Brand, Manufacturer	Target	Bioavailability (%)	Dosing	Half-Life (hours)	Renal Clearance (%)	Fecal Excretion (%)	Drug Interactions
Dabigatran Pradaxa, Boehringer Ingelheim	Factor IIa	6	Twice daily	12–14	> 80	82–88	Potent inducers and inhibitors of P-gp
Rivaroxaban Xarelto, Janssen	Factor Xa	66	Once daily	9–13	66	26.6	Potent inducers and inhibitors of CYP3A4 and P-gp
Apixaban Eliquis, Bristol-Myers Squibb	Factor Xa	50	Twice daily	8–15	25	46.7–56	Potent inducers and inhibitors of CYP3A4
Edoxaban Savaysa, Daiichi Sankyo	Factor Xa	62	Once daily	9–11	35	62.2	Potent inducers and inhibitors of CYP3A4 and P-gp
Betrixaban Bevyxxa, Portola Pharmaceuticals	Factor Xa	34	Once daily	37	11	82–89	Potent inhibitors of P-gp

CYP3A4 = cytochrome P450 3A4; P-gp = P-glycoprotein.