Table S3.

Ongoing studies

Study name or title	Study period (start and end dates) (country)	Study design	Participants	Intervention and comparison	Relevant outcomes
LEAP: design and rationale of a randomized controlled trial of Tai Chi23	August 2012 to September 2017 (USA)	Randomized controlled trial (2:2:1 ratio)	90 COPD patients who have just been discharged from pulmonary rehabilitation	1. Tai Chi (1 h, twice a week for 3 months, then once a week for 3 months. A total of 36 classes) 2. Usual care (general recommendations for exercise) 3. Walking group (same frequency and duration as Tai Chi)	Hospital admissions (respiratory) and acute exacerbations (use of corticosteroids and/or antibiotics verified by medical records)
Effects of a community-based, postrehabilitation exercise program in COPD: protocol for a randomized controlled trial with embedded process evaluation11	November 2012 to August 2018 (Canada)	Randomized controlled trial	100 COPD patients who have completed pulmonary rehabilitation within the last 2 weeks	1. Usual care (standard home exercise instructions postpulmonary rehabilitation) 2. Community-based exercise program (1 h, minimum of two sessions per week (option to do more) for 1 year)	Exacerbations (self-reported)

Abbreviation: LEAP, long-term exercise after pulmonary rehabilitation.