Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of patients with summed stress score < 4 according to cardiac events
| Characteristic | Total (n = 177) | Composite cardiac endpoint |
p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (-) (n = 136, 76.8%) | (+) (n = 41, 23.2%) | |||
| Low-risk for CVDa | 50 (28.2) | 48 (35.3) | 2 (4.9) | < 0.001 |
| Age, yr | 60.4 ± 13.6 | 56.8 ± 13.9 | 65.7 ± 10.9 | 0.004 |
| Male sex | 105 (59.3) | 83 (61.0) | 22 (53.7) | 0.253 |
| Smoking | 47 (26.6). | 21 (15.4) | 26 (63.4) | 0.015 |
| Diabetes | 110 (62.1) | 76 (55.9) | 34 (82.9) | 0.001 |
| Cause of ESRD | 0.036 | |||
| Diabetic | 102 (58.0) | 71 (52.2) | 31 (77.5) | |
| Hypertensive | 40 (22.7) | 33 (24.3) | 7 (17.5) | |
| Glomerulonephritis | 10 (5.7) | 10 (7.4) | 0 | |
| Others | 24 (13.6) | 22 (17.3) | 2 (5.0) | |
| Previous vascular disease | 27 (15.3) | 14 (10.3) | 13 (31.7) | 0.018 |
| Coronary artery disease | 12 (6.8) | 6 (4.4) | 6 (14.6) | 0.020 |
| Peripheral artery disease | 3 (1.7) | 1 (0.7) | 2 (4.9) | 0.046 |
| Cerebrovascular accident | 12 (6.8) | 7 (5.1) | 5 (12.2) | 0.026 |
| Laboratory findings | ||||
| White blood cell, /uL | 6,819 ± 1,941 | 6,641 ± 1,829 | 7,571 ± 2,238 | 0.014 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 8.8 ± 1.4 | 8.9 ± 1.4 | 8.3 ± 1.2 | 0.020 |
| Serum albumin, g/dL | 3.4 ± 0.5 | 3.4 ± 0.4 | 3.1 ± 0.5 | < 0.001 |
| Transferrin saturation, % | 33.4 ± 17.6 | 33.2 ± 17.7 | 34.5 ± 17.8 | 0.728 |
| Ferritin, ng/mL | 290.0 ± 202.8 | 268.7 ± 192.7 | 374.1 ± 222.9 | 0.012 |
| Corrected Ca, mg/dL | 7.9 ± 0.9 | 7.8 ± 0.9 | 8.2 ± 0.7 | 0.040 |
| Phosphorus P, mg/dL | 5.0 ± 1.6 | 5.1 ± 1.7 | 4.7 ± 1.5 | 0.213 |
| Corrected Ca P, mg2/dL2 | 39.6 ± 12.2 | 39.8 ± 12.4 | 38.6 ± 11.5 | 0.582 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 166.3 ± 50.3 | 161.2 ± 45.6 | 182.7 ± 61.3 | 0.017 |
| LDL-C, mg/dL | 98.9 ± 44.6 | 99.1 ± 42.7 | 98.3 ± 51.4 | 0.937 |
| HDL-C, mg/dL | 44.8 ± 17.9 | 45.7 ± 19.1 | 41.4 ± 12.5 | 0.270 |
| Triglyceride, mg/dL | 134.6 ± 64.0 | 127.6 ± 60.2 | 161.3 ± 71.9 | 0.014 |
| C-reactive protein, mg/Lb | 0.71 ± 0.93 | 0.58 ± 0.92 | 1.11 ± 0.86 | 0.002 |
| Medication use, % | ||||
| Aspirin | 50 (53.1) | 68 (50.0) | 26 (63.4) | 0.201 |
| ACEi/ARBs | 156 (88.1) | 119 (87.5) | 37 (90.2) | 0.468 |
| β-Blockers | 95 (53.6) | 76 (55.8) | 19 (46.4) | 0.253 |
| Statins | 107 (60.4) | 74 (54.4) | 33 (80.5) | 0.015 |
| Dialysis related factors | ||||
| Kt/V | 1.31 ± 0.22 | 1.30 ± 0.16 | 1.32 ± 0.20 | 0.182 |
| Interdialytic weight gain, kg | 1.67 ± 0.94 | 1.62 ± 0.85 | 1.77 ± 1.06 | 0.151 |
| nPCR, g/kg/day | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 0.547 |
Values are presented as number (%) or mean ± SD.
CVD, cardiovascular disease; ESRD, end-stage renal disease; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; ACEi, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; Kt/V, K (dialyzer clearance of urea), t (dialysis time), V (total body water); nPCR, normalized protein catabolic rate.
a
Low-risk was defined as a young age < 50 years, normal LV ejection fraction, < 2 risk factors and no history of long-term diabetes at the start of dialysis.
b
Log transformed.