Table 1.
Novel treatment agents for inflammatory bowel disease
| Drug | Type | Target | Clinical status |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crohn’s disease | Ulcerative colitis | |||
| Anti-adhesion molecules | ||||
| Vedolizumab | Monoclonal Ab | α4β7 Integrin | Approved | Approved |
| Etrolizumab | Monoclonal Ab | β7 Integrin | - | Phase III |
| Natalizumab | Monoclonal Ab | α4 Integrin | Approved | - |
| PF-00547659 | Monoclonal Ab | MadCAM-1 | Phase II | Phase II |
| Blockade of the downstream signalling pathways | ||||
| Tofacitinib | Small molecule | JAK1/JAK3 | Phase III | Phase III |
| Mongersen | Antisense oligonucleotide | SMAD7 | Phase II | - |
| Blockade of proinflammatory cytokines | ||||
| Ustekinumab | Monoclonal Ab | IL-12/IL-23 (p40) | Approved | - |
| Others | ||||
| Ozanimod | Small molecule | S1P1 | Phase II | Phase III |
Adapted from Narula et al. [54], with permission from Nature Publishing Group.
Ab, antibody; MadCAM, mucosal vascular addressin cell adhesion molecule-1; JAK, Janus kinase; IL, interleukin; S1P1, sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor-1.