Table 3.

Astrocyte-seeded biomaterial SCI studies.

SCI model	Biomaterial	Cell type	Outcome	References
Rat L5 dorsal root fiber crush model	Millipore pennants (Category II)	Rat fetal (E16 or E18) spinal cord astrocytes	Promoted substantial axonal growth into spinal gray matter tracts	Kliot et al., 1990
Rat L3 dorsal lateral hemisection	Gelfoam matrix (Category II)	Neonatal rat cortical astrocytes	Reduced host astrogliosis, scar formation, and slightly increased density NF	Wang et al., 1995
Rat T8 dorsal hemisection	2 mm Collagen gel (modified Category I/II)	Neonatal rat (P3) neocortical astrocytes	Increased NF within biomaterial aligned along astrocytes, minimal CST growth into rostral end without exiting biomaterial, improvements in BBB sub-score and Catwalk stride length and swing duration	Joosten et al., 2004
Rat T11/T12 dorsal hemisection	2 mm PLA/PLA-b-PEO matrices (Category II and IV)	P1 neonatal rat astrocytes, 1 mm rostrocaudal injections	Increased CST growth up to the lesion site, poor astrocyte survival within matrix	Deumens et al., 2006b