Table 6.
NSPC-seeded biomaterial SCI studies.
| SCI model | Biomaterial | Cell type | Outcome | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rat T3 transection | Fibrin matrix (Category I) | Rat E14 fetal spinal cells with cocktail of growth factors | Neuronal differentiation and growth of NSPCs, extensive axonal growth (serotonergic) into the matrix creating neuronal relays, increased BBB score and electrophysiology | Lu et al., 2012 |
| Rat bilateral CST and right quadrant lesions | Fibrin matrix (Category I) | Rat E14 fetal spinal cells with cocktail of growth factors | Neuronal differentiation and growth of NSPCs, extensive CST growth into the matrix creating neuronal relays, the staircase task with increased level reached and pellets eaten | Kadoya et al., 2016 |
| Rat T2 clip compression | PDGF-A-conjugated HAMC (modified Category III/IV) | Adult rat SVZ-derived NSPCs | Enhanced sparing of host oligodendrocytes and neurons, increased fine motor (horizontal ladder) changes but not gross motor skills (BBB) | Mothe et al., 2013 |
| Rat T9/T10 lateral hemisection | 4 mm oriented porous PLGA scaffold (Category II) | Murine NSCs (clone C17.2) | Increased cell survival, tissue preservation, increased NF axonal growth within lesion site, increased sensorimotor cortex traced BDA fibers rostral and caudal to graft coupled with GAP-43, increased BBB | Teng et al., 2002 |
| Rat T8/T9 transection | 2 mm PLGA scaffolds (with 7 longitudinal channels, each with a diameter of 660 μm) and Matrigel (Category II) | Rat E14.5 NSCs (telencephalon/diencephalon) or adult rat SCs | Increased axonal fibers throughout scaffold but no change in BBB score | Olson et al., 2009 |
| Rat T9-T10 lateral hemisection | Oriented PLGA scaffold with macroporous 4-arm PEG hydrogel coated with PLL (Category II) | Endothelial cells and NSPCs (from the SVZ zone of P1 GFP rats) | Increase in functional blood vessels, differentiation of NSPCs, increased NF staining at host/graft interface and epicenter and regenerating axons | Rauch et al., 2009 |
| Rat T8 transection | 10 mm laminin-coated chitosan channels (Category II) | Adult rat brain or spinal NSPCs | 14 week survival, differentiation (astrocytes and oligodendrocytes), decreased cyst formation and increased tissue bridge formation, no CST growth into scaffold nor functional improvement. | Nomura et al., 2008 |
| Rat T8 clip compression | Un-coated chitosan channels (Category II) | Adult rat neurosphere NSPC | 5-fold increase in cell survival but no tissue bridging or functional change at 9 weeks | Bozkurt et al., 2010 |
| Rat T10 transection | 2 mm oriented macroporous PLGA scaffold (Category II) | Rat P1-P3 hippocampal NSC-NT-3/NSC-TrkC (co-culture), naïve NSCs | Differentiation into mature neurons with synapse formation, preservation of neurons in the sensorimotor cortex, red nucleus and Clarke's nuclei, increased NF rostrocaudal and epicenter staining, increased BBB score | Du et al., 2011 |
| Rat T10 transection | 2 mm Gelfoam scaffolds (Category II) | Co-cultured NT-3-SC and TrkC-NSC, naïve NSCs | Increased BBB score, increased cortical somatosensory evoked potentials and cortical motor evoked potentials, increased neuronal differentiation, increased cell survival of internal pyramidal layer, red nuclei and Clarke's nucleus, increased SC myelination and synapse formation | Wang et al., 2011 |
| Rat lateral T7-T8 hemisection | NT-3 expression PCL scaffolds (Category II) | Human immortalized NSC line (F3) + ChABCase | Differentiation into neurons and oligodendrocytes, white matter sparing, regenerative markers (GAP-43 and synaptotagmin), increased BBB score and MEP, decreased errors on the GridWalk | Hwang et al., 2011 |
| Rat T13-L2 lateral hemisection | 4 mm porous collagen scaffold conjugated with neutralizing antibody of EGFR (Category II) | Neonatal NPCs | Increased neuronal differentiation, increased in BBB score and angle on inclined plane | Li et al., 2013 |