Table 1.
Characteristics of the participants.a
| Characteristic | Mean ± SD or n (%) (N = 34,749) | |
|---|---|---|
| Maternal age at child birth | 27.379 ± 3.941 | |
| Child sex | ||
| Male | 18,946 (54.52) | |
| Female | 15,803 (45.48) | |
| Mother’s marital status | ||
| Married | 33,946 (97.69) | |
| Unmarried/Divorced/Widowed | 803 (2.31) | |
| Maternal education level | ||
| Less than high school | 5,720 (16.46) | |
| High school | 10,193 (29.33) | |
| College | 17,926 (51.59) | |
| Postgraduate | 910 (2.62) | |
| Family income, RMB/year | ||
| ≤5,000 | 4,261 (12.26) | |
| 10,000 | 9,264 (26.66) | |
| 10,001–15,000 | 7,083 (20.38) | |
| >15,000 | 14,141 (40.69) | |
| Gestational hypertension | ||
| No | 34,056 (98.01) | |
| Yes | 693 (1.99) | |
| Preeclampsia/eclampsia | ||
| No | 34,600 (99.57) | |
| Yes | 149 (0.43) | |
| Gestational diabetes mellitus | ||
| No | 33,435 (96.22) | |
| Yes | 1,314 (3.78) | |
| Antenatal music training | ||
| Never | 2,099 (6.04) | |
| Occasionally | 15,735 (45.28) | |
| Sometimes | 11,832 (34.05) | |
| Often | 5,083 (14.63) | |
| Maternal talk to fetus | ||
| Never | 2,718 (7.82) | |
| Occasionally | 14,008 (40.31) | |
| Sometimes | 11,825 (34.03) | |
| Often | 6,198 (17.84) | |
aMean ± SD or n (%) are presented.