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. 2018 Jan 15;8:737. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-18658-3

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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TGFβ1 influences respiratory chain activity and spare capacity in myoblasts and myotubes. Primary human myoblasts and myotubes were treated with TGFβ1 (0.25 or 0.5 ng/ml) or SB431542 (10 μM) for 48 hours and processed according to Fig. 2 and high resolution respirometry was carried out. (a) Cytochrome C effect calculated by dividing respiration after addition of cytochrome C by respiration after succinate addition. (b) Respiration rates after the indicated additions in myoblasts and (c) myotubes. (d) Spare respiratory capacity calculated by dividing the difference between ETS and OXPHOS capacity by OXPHOS capacity. For (a and d) one-way ANOVA was performed for each differentiation state. For (b and c) two-way ANOVA was performed. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. ***p < 0.001. n = 3–4, mean ± SD.