Fig. 3.

Band engineering of MoS₂ by Nb doping. Schematic band structures of a multilayer, such as bulk and bilayer, and b monolayer MoS₂ before (left panel) and after (right panel) degenerate Nb doping. For the case of multilayer MoS₂:Nb, the pristine valence bands of Nb-free MoS₂ are included as dotted black lines for a direct comparison, and the regions in the Brillouin zone (Γ_V) where a significant band restructuring takes place are also highlighted as a blue circle. Direct (impurity-bound) and indirect transitions are indicated by red (dotted) and blue arrow lines, respectively