Table 2.
Maternal Depressive Symptoms across Pregnancy and Placental Morphology. Unstandardized regression coefficients (B) and their 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) indicating standard deviation unit increase in placental morphology criteria per one standard deviation increase in maternal depressive symptoms across pregnancy from linear regression models where maternal depressive symptoms during pregnancy were used as predictors of placental morphology criteria.
| Placental Morphology Criteria | Maternal Depressive Symptoms during Pregnancy | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1a | Model 2b | Model 3c | ||||
| B(95% CI) | p | B(95% CI) | p | B(95% CI) | p | |
| Volume of SMA-positive villi per placenta | 0.06(−0.15;0.28) | 0.56 | 0.11(−0.11;0.33) | 0.34 | 0.11(−0.13;0.34) | 0.36 |
| Volume of capillaries per SMA-positive villi per placenta | 0.05(−0.17;0.27) | 0.65 | 0.09(−0.13;0.31) | 0.42 | 0.10(−0.14;0.34) | 0.41 |
| Volume of SMA-negative villi per placenta | −0.09(−0.33;0.14) | 0.43 | −0.08(−0.31;0.14) | 0.47 | −0.06(−0.30;0.18) | 0.64 |
| Volume of capillaries per SMA-negative villi per placenta | −0.13(−0.35;0.09) | 0.26 | −0.12(−0.34;0.10) | 0.28 | −0.10(−0.33;0.13) | 0.40 |
| Ratio of the distribution of stem villi to SMA-negative villi | 0.13(−0.09;0.34) | 0.26 | 0.16(−0.06;0.38) | 0.15 | 0.16(−0.07;0.40) | 0.18 |
| Villous barrier thickness of SMA-positive villi | −0.10(−0.32;0.12) | 0.36 | −0.12(−0.35;0.11) | 0.31 | −0.06(−0.30;0.18) | 0.60 |
| Standard deviation of villous barrier thickness of SMA-positive villi (variability in thickness) | −0.10(−0.31;0.13) | 0.42 | −0.08(−0.31;0.15) | 0.49 | −0.07(−0.32;0.18) | 0.57 |
| Villous barrier thickness of SMA-negative villi | −0.17(−0.38;0.04) | 0.12 | −0.21(−0.43;0.01) | 0.06 | −0.14(−0.37;0.09) | 0.22 |
| Standard deviation of villous barrier thickness of SMA-negative villi (variability in thickness) | −0.24(−0.46;−0.03) | 0.03 | −0.27(−0.50;−0.05) | 0.02 | −0.20(−0.43;0.04) | 0.096 |
SMA = γ-smooth muscle actin.
aModel 1 refers to unadjusted linear regression models.
bModel 2 refers to linear regression models adjusted for gestation length, maternal age at delivery, education, pre-pregnancy body mass index and diabetic and hypertensive disorders in pregnancy.
cModel 3 refers to linear regression models adjusted for model 2 covariates and maternal history of mental disorders before pregnancy.