Table 1.
Survival status from 2005 to 2011 and variables used in the analysis at T0 (2005).
| Both genders (n=6,191) | Male (n=2,815) | Female (n=3,376) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dependent variable | |||
| Survival status (%) | |||
| Alive | 40.5 | 41.9 | 39.3 |
| Died | 59.5 | 58.1 | 60.7 |
| Predictor Variables | |||
| Demographic and socioeconomic | |||
| Gender (%) | |||
| Male | 45.5 | – | – |
| Female | 54.5 | – | – |
| Age (%) | |||
| 60–69 | 6.9 | 7.4 | 6.4 |
| 70–79 | 30.4 | 35.0 | 26.6 |
| 80–89 | 29.4 | 32.7 | 26.7 |
| 90–99 | 20.7 | 18.8 | 22.4 |
| 100 and over | 12.6 | 6.2 | 18.0 |
| Residence (%) | |||
| Urban | 39.3 | 39.7 | 38.8 |
| Rural | 60.8 | 60.3 | 61.2 |
| Education (%) | |||
| No schooling | 59.6 | 32.6 | 82.1 |
| Some schooling | 40.4 | 67.4 | 17.9 |
| Marital status | |||
| Married | 33.5 | 50.3 | 19.5 |
| Separated/ divorced | 2.7 | 4.1 | 1.6 |
| Widowed | 62.9 | 43.8 | 78.7 |
| Single never married | 0.9 | 1.8 | 0.1 |
| Changes in living arrangements (%) | |||
| Unchanged not alone | 77.1 | 80.1 | 74.6 |
| Unchanged alone | 7.2 | 5.7 | 8.5 |
| Unchanged in institution | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 |
| Not alone to Alone | 6.0 | 5.6 | 6.3 |
| Not alone to Institution | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 |
| Alone to Not alone | 5.9 | 4.8 | 6.8 |
| Alone to Institution | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.2 |
| Institution to not Alone | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.3 |
| Institution to alone | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 |
| Self-rated health (%) | |||
| Good | 43.7 | 45.9 | 41.8 |
| Fair | 31.1 | 32.4 | 30.1 |
| Poor | 17.7 | 16.6 | 18.6 |
| Unable to Answer | 7.5 | 5.1 | 9.5 |
Source: Authors’ own analysis of CLHLS 2002–2011