Table 4.

Specific footwear requirements for people with diabetes and a foot deformity

	Height	Outsole	Uppers (quarter)b	Tongue
Limited joint mobility	Lowa	Toughened	Supple	Supple
Pes cavus	Ankle-high	Toughened	Toughened	Toughenedc
Flexible flat foot with hallux valgus	High	Toughened	Toughened	Toughenedc
Rigid flat foot with hallux valgus	Ankle-high	Toughened	Strong medial support	Toughenedc
Charcot foot	High	Stiff	Toughened	Toughenedc
Hallux or toe amputation	High	Stiff	Toughened	Toughenedc
Forefoot amputation	High	Stiff	Stiff	Stiff

This table is based on [33]

^aUnless a person has limited joint mobility in the ankle joint, in that case use ankle-high or high footwear

^bThe uppers consist of quarter and vamp, the requirements here concern the quarters, as the vamp typically needs to remain supple to accommodate the toes (see further Table 2)

^cWhen a tongue is toughened, it should be padded as well