Table 1.
Clinical and biochemical characteristics of study subjects without or with tendon xanthomas
| FH n = 103 |
|||
|---|---|---|---|
| Subjects without xanthomas n = 63 |
Subjects with xanthomas n = 40 |
p | |
| Age, years | 39.4 ± 13.2 | 40.7 ± 13.0 | 0.639 |
| Men, n (%) | 32 (50.8) | 18 (45.0) | 0.566 |
| Current smokers, n (%) | 19 (31.7) | 7 (17.5) | 0.286 |
| Non-smokers, n (%) | 30 (50.0) | 24 (60) | |
| Former smokers, n (%) | 11 (18.3) | 9 (22.5) | |
| Carotid plaque, n (%) | 9 (15.5) | 5 (13.2) | 0.674 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 2 (3.2) | 1 (2.5) | 0.843 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 7 (11.1) | 3 (7.5) | 0.546 |
| Body mass index, Kg/m2 | 24.2 ± 3.7 | 25.0 ± 3.4 | 0.251 |
| Corneal arcus, n (%) | 11 (17.5) | 23 (41.0) | 0.009 |
| Lipoprotein(a), mg/dl | 27.6 (12.4–45.5) | 26.0 (11.2–51.6) | 0.994 |
| Glucose, mg/dl | 87 (81–93) | 86 (80–95) | 0.935 |
| C-reactive protein, g/l | 1.8 (0.5–3.4) | 0.85 (0.52–2.1) | 0.202 |
| APOE genotype E3/3, n (%) | 38 (60.3) | 27 (69.2) | 0.736 |
| APOE genotype E3/2, n (%) | 7 (11.1) | 4 (10.3) | |
| APOE genotype E3/4, n (%) | 17 (27.0) | 7 (17.9) | |
| APOE genotype E2/4, n (%) | 1 (1.6) | 1 (2.6) | |
Numerical variables with normal distribution are expressed as mean ± standard deviation and those with skewed distribution are expressed as median [percentile 25–percentile 75]. t Student or Mann–Whitney or Chi square tests were used as appropriate