mRNA and protein expression levels of HIF-1α, CXCR4 and VEGF following treatment with CoCl2. (A) Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of HIF-1α, CXCR4 and VEGF mRNA levels following treatment with CoCl2 (n=3). (B) Changes in HIF-1α, CXCR4 and VEGF protein expression following treatment with 150 µM CoCl2 (n=3). *P<0.05, **P<0.01 compared with NC. HIF-1α, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α; CXCR4, C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; NC, negative control; Con, control.