Table 1.

Primers used in the present study

Serial no.	Primer name	Description (to detect the genes)	Primer sequence 5′→3′	Annealing temp (°C)/time	Extension temp (°C)/time	Amplicon length (bp)	References
1	L2	5′ CS of Class 1	GACGATGCGTGGAGACC	55/30 s	72/1 min	300	33
	L3	integron	CTTGCTGCTTGGATGCC
2	qac E∆1	3′ CS of Class 1	ATCGCAATAGTTGGCGAAGT	58/2 min	72/1 min	798	33
	Sul1B	integron	GCAAGGCGGAAACCCGCC
3	In F	Variable region of	GGCATCCAAGCAGCAAGC	60/1 min	72/1 min	Variable	33
	In B	Class 1 integron	AAGCAGACTTGACCTGAT
4	Int1CA F	Variable region of	CGTAGAAGAACAGCAAGG	52/1 min	72/3 min	Variable	16
	IS1 CA R	atypical Class 1 integron	AGTGAGAGCAGAGATAGC
5	Int 2 F	Integrase of Class	GTAGCAAACGAGTGACGAAATG	66.2/1 min	72/1 min	789	This study
	Int 2 R	2 integron	CACGGATATGCGACAAAAAGGT
6	Int 2 VA F	Variable region of	CGGGATCCCGGACGGCATGCACGATTTGTA	55/1 min	72/3 min	Variable	34
	Int 2 VA R	Class 2 integron	GATGCCATCGCAAGTACGAG
7	Int3 F	Integrase of Class	AGTGGGTGGCGAATGAGTG	59/1 min	72/1 min	600	35
	Int3 R	3 integron	TGTTCTTGTATCGGCAGGTG
8	SXT F	Integrase from	ATGGCGTTATGAGTTAGCTC	57/30 s	72/1 min	1000	36
	SXT R	SXT element	GCGAAGATCATGCATAGAC
9	S- gyrA F	QRDR region of	TACACCGGTCAACATTGAGG	64/30 s	72/1 min	648	37
	S- gyrA R	gyrA	TTAATGATTGCCGCCGTCGG
10	S- gyrB F	QRDR region of	TGAAATGACCCGCCGTAAAGG	60.7/30 s	72/1 min	310	37
	S- gyrB R	gyrB	GCTGTGATAACGCAGTTTGTCCGGG
11	S-parC F	QRDR region of	GTCTGAACTGGGCCTGAATGC	68.6/30 s	72/1 min	249	37
	S-parC R	parC	AGCAGCTCGGAATATTTCGACAA
12	S-parE F	QRDR region of	ATGCGTGCGGCTAAAAAAGTG	63/30 s	72/1 min	290	37
	S-parE R	pare	TCGTCGCTGTCAGGATCGATAC
13	qnrA F	qnrA protein	CAGCAAGAGGATTTCTCACG	63/1 min	72/1.5 min	630	38
	qnrA R		AATCCGGCAGCACTATTACTC
14	qnrD F	qnrD protein	CGAGATCAATTTACGGGGAATA	63/1 min	72/1.5 min	581	38
	qnrD R		AACAAGCTGAAGCGCCTG
15	qnrB F	qnrB protein	GGCTGTCAGTTCTATGATCG	63/1 min	72/1.5 min	488	38
	qnrB R		GAGCAACGATGCCTGGTAG
	qnrB R(D)		SAKCAACGATGCCTGGTAG
16	qnrS F	qnrS protein	GCAAGTTCATTGAACAGGGT	63/1 min	72/1.5 min	518	This study
	qnrS R		GTCAGGAWAAACAACAATACC
17	oqxA F	oqxA efflux pump	CCGCACCGATAAATTAGTCC	63/1 min	72/1.5 min	313	38
	oqxA R		GGCGAGGTTTTGATAGTGGA
18	aac(6′)-Ib-cr F	aac(6′)-Ib-cr enzyme	TTGGAAGCGGGGACGGAM	63/1 min	72/1.5 min	260	38
	aac(6′)-Ib-cr R		ACACGGCTGGACCATA
19	qnrC F	qnrC protein	GCAGAATTCAGGGGTGTGAT	63/1 min	72/1.5 min	118	38
	qnrC R		AACTGCTCCAAAAGCTGCTC

Abbreviations: CS, conserved segments; QRDR, quinolone resistance determining regions.