Table 1.

Discrete concentration levels and cooling rates used for each component in the DE algorithm

	Level 0	Level 1	Level 2	Level 3	Level 4	Level 5
Component	(0)	(1/100)	(1/50)	(1/10)	(1/2)	(1)
Trehalose (mM)	0	3	6	30	150	300
Glycerol (%)	0	0.1	0.2	1	5	10
Ectoine (%)	0	0.01	0.02	0.1	0.5	1
Sucrose (mM)	0	3	6	30	150	300
Ethylene glycol (mM)	0	3	6	30	150	300
Alanine (mM)	0	3	6	30	150	300
Taurine (mM)	0	0.5	1	5	25	50
Cooling rate (different scaling) (°C/min)	0	0.5	1	3	5	10
DMSO standard recovery ± standard deviation. (for cooling rates in same column above)	0	0.09 ± 0.03	0.13 ± 0.03	0.12 ± 0.04	0.12 ± 0.04	0.09 ± 0.01