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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Int J Stroke. 2017 Sep 4;13(2):217–222. doi: 10.1177/1747493017729266
Variable Measure # of items Focus and Scoring Populations with measurement evidence
Primary Behavioural Outcome

Global Lifestyle Behaviour Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II14 52 Six domains of lifestyle behaviour (physical activity, stress management, nutrition, health, interpersonal support, spiritual growth) are assessed using a 1 (never) to 4 (routinely) response scale.

Items are summed (6 to 208) or averaged (1 to 4) to obtain total and domain scores. Higher scores indicate better lifestyle behaviour.
- Stroke;
- General population;
- Metabolic syndrome;
- Diabetes;
- Obesity

Secondary Behavioural Outcomes

Daily walking physical activity StepWatch Activity Monitor n/a Participants will wear the StepWatch Activity Monitor attached for the waking hours of 4 consecutive days. The monitors will be individualized for each person’s walking speed (e.g. slow, normal, or fast walking), pattern (e.g. normal, no variation in speed, lots of variation in speed), and gait (e.g. normal, shuffled).

Daily step counts will be multiplied by 2 to obtain total daily steps (for both legs) and divided by 4 days to obtain the mean daily steps. Higher scores indicate more steps taken.
- Stroke
Diet – Fibre and Fat intake SmartDiet Questionnaire – Canadian Version15 26 Weekly number of fibre (grain products; fruits, vegetables, and legumes) and fat (dairy products; meats; added fats; and desserts) servings are assessed and used to estimate total weekly grams of fibre and fat eaten.

Higher grams of fibre and lower grams of fat indicate a more optimal diet (i.e. 25–35 grams/day = optimum fibre intake, < 13 grams/day = low fibre intake; 100 (male) and 90 (female) grams/day = high fat diet, 75 and 65 grams/day = lower fat diet.
- Cardiac rehab population
Medication adherence Morisky Medication Adherence Scale1618 8 Medication adherence and barriers to taking medication are assessed using 8 items. Use of the ©MMAS is protected by US Copyright laws. Permission for use is required. A license agreement is available from Donald E. Morisky, MMAS Research LLC 14725 NE 20. St. Bellevue WA 98007 or from dmorisky@gmail.com. - Hypertensive patients

Secondary Physiological Outcomes

Blood pressure Omron HEM-907XL using the American Heart Association blood pressure recommendations19 n/a After 5 minutes of resting in the sitting position, the participant’s systolic and diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) will be taken at the brachial artery using a digital blood pressure monitor (Omron HEM-907XL; Omron Healthcare Inc., Hoffman Estates, IL, USA). Two subsequent measurements will be taken, two minutes apart, and the three measurements will be averaged. If there is >5 mm Hg difference between consecutive measurements, additional measurements (to a maximum of five in total) will be taken.

Higher blood pressure (over 140/90 mmHg) is indicative of higher stroke risk.
- National recommendations
Cholesterol High and Low Density Lipoprotein; Total cholesterol n/a Cholesterol profiles (mmol/L) will be obtained using hospital outpatient bloodwork services. n/a
Glucose 12-hour Fasting Glucose; HbA1c n/a Glucose profiles (mmol/L and HbA1c %) will be obtained using hospital outpatient bloodwork services. n/a
Inflammation C-Reactive Protein n/a C-Reactive Protein levels (mg/L) will be obtained using hospital outpatient bloodwork services. n/a
Micronutrients (folate, B12) Homocysteine n/a Homocysteine levels (umol/L) will be obtained using hospital outpatient bloodwork services. n/a
Body composition Body Mass Index; Waist-to-hip ratio n/a Body weight (kilograms) and height (metres) will be measured using a calibrated digital scale (Seca Robusta 813; Seca North America, Chino, CA, USA) and a wall-mounted measuring tape. Body mass index is calculated as body weight/height squared. Waist circumference will be measured at the level of the umbilicus. A non-stretch, flexible measuring tape will be placed in a horizontal plane around the participant’s umbilicus while standing. Measurement will be taken at the end of a normal expiration. Hip circumference will be measured at the level of the greater trochanters. n/a

Tertiary Health Outcomes

Health-related quality of life Medical Outcomes Study: Short Form-3620 36 Two domains of health-related quality of life (Physical and Mental) are assessed using various response scales.

The Physical and Mental scores are linearly transformed to a standardized score varying from 0 (negative health) to 100 (positive health).
- Various
Depressive symptoms Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale21 20 Frequency of depressive symptoms over the past week is assessed using a 0 (rarely or none of the time) to 3 (most of the time) response scale.

Items responses are summed to obtain a total score varying from 0 to 60. Higher scores indicate more frequent depressive symptoms.
- Stroke
Cognitive function Montreal Cognitive Assessment22 22 Eight domains of cognitive function (Attention and concentration; Executive function; Memory; Language; Visuoconstructional skills; Conceptual thinking; Calculations; and Orientation) are assessed. Participants are given a point for correctly completing a task or providing a correct response.

Total scores vary from 0 to 30 with higher scores indicating greater cognitive function. An additional point is given if the participant’s level of education is 12 years or less.
- Stroke
Health and social service utilization Health and Social Service Utilization Inventory23 15 Frequency of hospital admissions/visits over the last 6 months are collected as are other health and social services over the last 2 weeks (e.g., lab procedures, family doctor, therapist, homemaker), and prescription drugs over the last 4 days. Costs of each health and social service will be assigned based on the current BC Medical Service Plan price list. n/a
Experience survey Study specific exit survey 27 Staff communication, usefulness of the program, and program structure are assessed using a 0 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree) response scale.

Participants are also asked: 1) What aspects of the program did you like the most? 2) Which aspects of the program did you not like? and 3) What suggestions do you have for improving the program?
n/a

n/a = not applicable