Table 3. Changes in metabolic factors during the observation period.

	Non-smoker group		Continuing smoker group		Smoking cessation group
	(n = 3968)		(n = 1336)		(n = 398)
Metabolic syndrome factors	Baseline	Last visit	Baseline	Last visit	Baseline	Last visit
Body weight (kg)	55.3 ± 9.6	55.3 ± 10.0	62.8 ± 10.3	63.0 ± 10.6*	61.0 ± 9.9	62.8 ± 10.2*
Waist circumference (cm)	81.8 ± 8.0	81.5 ± 8.4*	82.7 ± 8.2	82.5 ± 8.5*	82.2 ± 7.9	83.6 ± 8.2*
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	123.8 ± 16.1	121.9 ± 14.5*	118.8 ± 14.5	119.0 ± 14.5	119.9 ± 15.4	123.4 ± 13.9*
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	75.4 ± 9.6	74.0 ± 9.0*	74.2 ± 9.6	73.9 ± 9.2	74.4 ± 9.8	75.5 ± 8.9*
Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL)	94.2 ± 14.1	94.9 ± 13.2*	94.4 ± 15.8	95.5 ± 15.3*	93.8 ± 13.7	97.9 ± 14.9*
Triglyceride (mg/dL)	92.5 ± 51.0	93.7 ± 51.6	120.0 ± 85.6	123.4 ± 95.0	105.7 ± 69.7	110.4 ± 58.1
HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)	62.6 ± 13.8	62.1 ± 13.7*	56.1 ± 13.2	55.8 ± 13.2	57.3 ± 12.5	59.0 ± 13.1*

^*P < 0.05 vs. baseline by paired Student's t test. Data at baseline were imported from Table 1 for comparison with data obtained at the last visit. HDL-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.