Table 1.

UK Biobank brain MRI protocol (31 min total scan time).

Modality	Duration	Voxel, Matrix	Key Parameters	#Volumes/#Timepoints
T1	4:54	$1\times 1\times 1$ mm $208\times 256\times 256$	3D MPRAGE, sagittal, R = 2, TI/TR = 880/2000 ms	1
T2 FLAIR	5:52	$1.05\times 1.0\times 1.0$ mm $192\times 256\times 256$	FLAIR, 3D SPACE, sagittal, R = 2, PF 7/8, fat sat, TI/TR = 1800/5000 ms, elliptical	1
swMRI	2:34	$0.8\times 0.8\times 3.0$ mm $256\times 288\times 48$	3D GRE, axial, R = 2, PF 7/8 TE1/TE2/TR = 9.4/20/27 ms	2
dMRI	7:08	$2.0\times 2.0\times 2.0$ mm $104\times 104\times 72$	MB = 3, R = 1, TE/TR = 92/3600 ms, PF 6/8, fat sat, b = 0 $s/m{m}^2$ (5x + 3× phase-encoding reversed), b = 1 000 $s/m{m}^2$ (50×), b = 2000 $s/m{m}^2$ (50×)	105 + 6 (AP + PA)
rfMRI	6:10	$2.4\times 2.4\times 2.4$ mm $88\times 88\times 64$	TE/TR = 39/735 ms, MB = 8, R = 1, flip angle 52°, fat sat	490
tfMRI	4:13	$2.4\times 2.4\times 2.4$ mm $88\times 88\times 64$	Acquisition same as rfMRI. Task is faces/shapes “emotion” task.	332

R = in-plane acceleration factor, MB = multiband factor, PF = partial Fourier. All non-EPI scans are pre-scan normalised (on-scanner bias-field corrected). Gradient distortion correction is deselected on the scanner and applied in post-processing. SNR, tSNR and motion plots are shown in Figs. S10 and S11 of the supplementary material.