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. 2018 Jan 16;8:816. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-19255-8

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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The clock network of B. oleae. (a) The clock neuropeptide PDF (magenta) is expressed in 4 l-LN_v and 4 s-LN_v, as well as in 4 putative insulin producing cells (ipc-2) in the PL. ITP (cyan) is expressed in the 5^th s-LN_v and in one cell of the LN_d group, as well as in putative ipc-1 and ipc-2. (b) anti-PDP1 (green) co-localize in the nuclei of PDF positive cells (magenta) in the LN_v cluster. Antibody reveals also other putative clock clusters (LN_d, DN), and stains many other non-clock cells. (c,d) PDP1 protein level in the nuclei oscillates under LD12:12 in the s-LN_v (H(7) = 34.78, p < 0.001) and l-LN_v (H(7) = 19.259, p < 0.05). AME: accessory medulla; ME: medulla; CA: calyx; LO: lobula.