Fig. 2.

Adipocyte TGR5 is required for cold-induced scWAT beiging. a Body temperature of control mice (Tgr5^Adipoq+/+) and WAT-specific TGR5 knockout (Tgr5^{Adipoq−/−}) mice exposed to cold (8 °C) for 7 days. n = 10 per group. b Representative (n = 5 per group) haematoxylin and eosin stainings of scWAT of mice described in a. c–e mRNA levels of beige remodelling markers Ucp1 (c) Pgc1a, Tbx1, Cidea and Pparg2 (d), and Prdm16, Cd137 and Cebpb (e) in the scWAT of Tgr5^Adipoq+/+ and Tgr5^{Adipoq−/−} mice housed at thermoneutrality (30 °C) or exposed to cold (8 °C) for 7 days. n = 10 per group. f Representative (n = 10 per group) western blot of PGC-1α, the mitochondrial marker VDAC1 and beiging markers TBX1 and UCP1 from the scWAT of mice described in a. GAPDH was used as loading control. g Quantitative densitometry of the western blots showed in f. h Representative (n = 5 per group) UCP1 staining of scWAT sections from mice described in a. Scale bars = 50 μm. i Quantification of mitochondrial (16S) vs. nuclear (HK2) DNA ratio from the scWAT of mice described in a. Results represent mean ± SEM. *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01 and ***P ≤ 0.001 vs. Tgr5^Adipoq+/+ group (at 30 and/or 8 °C) by one-way ANOVA (c–e) and two-way ANOVA (a) followed by Bonferroni post hoc test or Student’s t test (g, i). Uncropped western blots are provided in Supplementary Fig. 10A–E