Table 2.
Absolute treatment effect for clinically important bleeding and pneumonia outcomes
| Clinically important GI bleeding | ||
|---|---|---|
| Comparison | RD per 1000 patients (95% CI) for ACR 2.1 for placebo%a | Number needed to treat |
| H2RA vs placebo | 8 fewer per 1000 (6 more to 14 fewer) | 13 |
| PPI vs H2RA | 8 fewer per 1000 (from 4 fewer to 10 fewer) | 13 |
| H2RA vs sucralfate | 3 fewer per 1000 (from 7 more to 9 fewer) | 33 |
| PPI vs placebo | 16 fewer per 1000 (from 8 fewer to 19 fewer) | 6 |
| Sucralfate vs placebo | 4 fewer per 1000 (from 13 fewer to 15 more) | 25 |
| PPI vs sucralfate | 12 fewer per 1000 (from 6 fewer to 15 fewer) | 8 |
| Pneumonia outcome | ||
|---|---|---|
| Comparison | RD per 1000 patients (95% CI) for ACR 6% in placebob | Number needed to harm |
| H2RA vs placebo | 11 more per 1000 (from 12 fewer to 42 more) | 9 |
| PPI vs H2RA | 19 more per 1000 (from 3 fewer to 48 more) | 5 |
| H2RA vs sucralfate | 17 more per 1000 (from 4 more to 32 more) | 5 |
| PPI vs placebo | 31 more per 1000 (from 3 fewer to 85 more) | 3 |
| Placebo vs sucralfate | 5 more per 1000 (from 15 fewer to 36 more) | 20 |
| PPI vs sucralfate | 36 more per 1000 (from 11 more to 70 more) | 3 |
RD risk difference, ACR assumed control event rate, H2RA histamine-2 receptor antagonists, PPI proton pump inhibitor, GI gastrointestinal
aThe median event rate of clinically important bleeding across all trials in placebo arm was 2.1%
bThe median event rate of pneumonia across all trials in placebo arm was 6%