Table 1.
Characteristics of the 10 studies included in this meta-analysis
| First author/year | Study design | Pathology | Sample size (n) | Ca-125 cut-off (U/mL) | Age (years) | % Male | Follow-up (months) | Mean Ca-125 (SD) for patients with AF | Mean Ca-125 (SD) for patients in sinus rhythm | AF (n) | Sinus rhythm (n) | Variables in multivariate model | Quality score | Ref |
| Sekiguchi, 20177 | P | Postmenopausal women | 206 | 10 | 68 | 0 | 96 | 11 (6) | 8 (3) | 31 | 175 | Age, hypertension, low ejection fraction and biomarkers (hs-CRP, BNP) | 7 | 7 |
| Kaya, 20168 | R | Systolic heart failure | 205 | 91 | 68 | 71 | – | 102 (72) | 33 (68) | 67 | 138 | RV dilatation, pericardial effusion, and moderate to severe MR and TR, LA diameters | 7 | 8 |
| Yucel, 20159 | P | Systolic heart failure | 149 | 68 | 70 | 28 | 22 | 99 (92) | 47 (67) | 36 | 113 | RV dilatation, pericardial effusion, and moderate to severe MR and TR, LA diameters, systolic pulmonary artery pressure | 7 | 9 |
| Méndez, 201410 | R | Heart failure | 156 | 60 | 72 | 63 | 17 | 53 (85) | 55 (85) | 84 | 72 | NT-proBNP | 7 | 10 |
| Durak-Nalbantic, 201311 | P | Cardiac symptoms | 76 | – | 74 | 37 | – | 98 (144) | 47 (64) | 26 | 50 | (Univariate) | 7 | 11 |
| De Gennaro, 201212 | R | Medical inpatients (excluding HF, inflammatory, malignancy) | 106 | – | 69 | 55 | – | 32 (42) | 29 (72) | 48 | 58 | Age, gender and LVEF | 7 | 12 |
| Junqiang, 201213 | R | Medical inpatients (excluding HF, inflammatory, malignancy) | 113 | – | 53 | 48 | – | 28 (5) | 49 (8) | 55 | 58 | Age, LVEF, LA diameter, LVEDD, LVESD and BNP | 8 | 13 |
| Yilmaz, 201115 | R | Medical inpatients (excluding inflammatory, malignancy) | 58 | 35 | 70 | 62 | 8 | – | – | 38 | 112 | RV dilatation, pericardial effusion and LVEF | 6 | 15 |
| Mansour, 201014 | P | Acute decompensated heart failure | 147 | 8 | 56 | 71 | 40 | 51 (29) | 49 (89) | 15 | 132 | Age, ischaemic heart disease, glomerular filtration rate, LVEF | 7 | 14 |
| Núñez, 200716 | P | Acute heart failure | 2642 | 25 | 73 | 9 | 6 | 108 (134) | 92 (115) | 1165 | 1477 | Age (years), gender, diabetes and their interaction (gender × diabetes), NYHA class III/IV, valvular heart disease aetiology for heart failure, systolic blood pressure, serum creatinine and haemoglobin | 7 | 16 |
AF, atrial fibrillation; BNP, B-type natriuretic peptide; Ca-125, cancer antigen-125; CRP, C-reactive protein; HF, heart failure; hs-CRP, high-sensitivity CRP; LA, left atrial; LVEDD, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVESD, left ventricular end-systolic diameter; MR, mitral regurgitation; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide; NYHA, New York Heart Association; P, prospective; R, retrospective; RV, right ventricular; TR, tricuspid regurgitation.