Table-1.

Different groups of viruses associated with equine encephalitis along with their reservoir hosts and geographic distribution [6,9].

Different groups of viruses	Reservoirs	Geographic location
Bunyavirus			All bunyaviruses and flaviviruses cause encephalomyelitis in general but Ross river virus in addition cause systemic hemolymphatic neurotoxic ataxia
California virus	Logomorphs and rodents	North America and part of Eastern Asia
Alphaviruses
Ross river virus	Marsupials and other placental mammals	Australia, Papua New Guinea
Semliki forest virus	Unknown	East and West Africa
EEE	Birds, rodents, snakes	North/South/Central America
WEE	Birds, rodents, snakes	North/South America
VEE	Cotton rat	North/Central America
Flaviviruses
WNF	Passerine birds	Europe, North/South/Central America, Australia, and Africa	All flaviviruses are responsible to cause encephalomyelitis. St. Louis encephalitis and Usutu are only serologically recorded
JE	Birds, swine	Russia, Asia, India, Western Pacific
Usutu	Birds	Africa and Europe
Murray valley	Birds, horse, cattle, foxes, marsupials	Australia, Papua New Guinea
St. Louis encephalitis	Birds	North/South/Central America
Kunjin virus	Waterbirds	Australia
Powassan	Rodents, mice, skunks, dogs, birds, lagomorphs	-
Tick-borne encephalitis	Small rodents	Asia, Europe, Russia, Finland
Louping ill	Sheep, grouse	U.K., Iberian Peninsula

EEE=Eastern equine encephalitis, WEE=Western equine encephalitis, VEE=Venezuelan equine encephalitis, WNF=West Nile fever, JE=Japanese encephalitis