Table 3.
Comparison of structure volumes by diagnostic group.
| ROI | Control (n = 1) | HE (n = 24) | FAS/PFAS (n = 28) | Total (N = 71) | p | p1 | p2 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GRAY MATTER ROIs | |||||||||||
| L Caudatea | 3,929 | (563) | 3,798 | (543) | 3,581 | (563) | 3,748 | (567) | 0.10 | 0.11 | 0.11 |
| R Caudatea | 3,936 | (582) | 3,804 | (552) | 3,662 | (607) | 3,783 | (584) | 0.29 | 0.26 | 0.24 |
| L NAa | 542 | (117) | 549 | (72) | 503 | (89) | 529 | (93) | 0.16 | 0.37 | 0.28 |
| R NAa | 490 | (95) | 490 | (83) | 467 | (90) | 481 | (88) | 0.57 | 0.78 | 0.44 |
| L Hippocampus | 2,400 | (224) | 2,392 | (346) | 2,277 | (360) | 2,349 | (325) | 0.33 | 0.53 | 0.53 |
| R Hippocampus | 2,432 | (185) | 2,469 | (302) | 2,266 | (318) | 2,379 | (294) | 0.03# | 0.09 | 0.09 |
| WHITE MATTER ROI | |||||||||||
| CCb, c | 564 | (64) | 570 | (107) | 525 | (79) | 551 | (88) | 0.13 | 0.21 | 0.52 |
Values are mean(SD). Volumes are in mm3. NA, nucleus accumbens; CC, corpus callosum; HE, heavily exposed non-syndromal; FAS, fetal alcohol syndrome; PFAS partial (FAS). Bold print denotes significance at p ≤ 0.05.
#
FAS/PFAS < HE non-syndromal (p = 0.012) and Control (p = 0.052). p1 after controlling for TIV. p2 after controlling for TIV, as well as (
a
) sex of child, (
b
) cigarettes/day during pregnancy, (
c
) lead concentration (ug/dl).