Table 1.
Classification of tumor antigens in cancer vaccine and related limitations
| Target type | Example | Limitations | Reference | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shared TAAs | Cancer-testis antigens | NY-ESO-1, MAGE-A1, SSX-2 | 1. Low antigenicity; 2. Activate limited type of T cell responses; 3. Non-driver mutation resources; 4. On-target side effect on normal tissues. |
11 |
| Differentiation antigens | Gp100, Mart-1, PSA | 1 | ||
| Over-expressed antigens | hTERT, surviving, MUC1 | 27 | ||
| TSAs | Neo-antigens | EGFRVIII, ERBB2IPE805G, KRASG12D BRAFV600E |
1. Low antigenicity; 2. Activate limited type of T cell responses; 3. Non-driver mutation resources; 4. Difficult to identify. |
45-48 |
TAAs: tumor associated antigens, TSAs: tumor specific antigens, NY-ESO-1: New York esophageal carcinoma antigen 1, MAGE-A1: Melanoma-associated antigen 1, SSX2: synovial sarcoma X breakpoint 2; gp100: glycoprotein 100, Mart-1: melanoma antigen recognized by T-cells 1, PSA: prostate-specific antigen, hTERT: Human telomerase reverse transcriptase, MUC1: Mucin 1; EGFRVIII: epidermal growth factor receptor-variant VIII.