Table 2.
Clinical Characteristics and Inflammatory Biomarkers Between HIV+ Men with Undetectable Versus Detectable CD34+/KDR+ Endothelial Progenitor Cells
| CD34+/KDR+ EPC | CD34+/CD133+/KDR+ EPC | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Undetectable (n = 23) | Detectable (n = 34) | p | Undetectable (n = 25) | Detectable (n = 32) | p | |
| Cells/105 PBMCs | 0 (0–0) | 0.6 (0.2–2.0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.7 (0.2–2.0) | ||
| ≥2 CVD risk factors | 100 | 85 | 0.06 | 100 | 84 | 0.04 |
| HTN | 35 | 24 | 0.36 | 32 | 25 | 0.56 |
| Tobacco | 26 | 38 | 0.34 | 28 | 38 | 0.45 |
| Dyslipidemia | 65 | 44 | 0.12 | 57 | 44 | 0.13 |
| Overweight | 70 | 53 | 0.21 | 68 | 53 | 0.26 |
| Diabetes | 26 | 9 | 0.08 | 24 | 9 | 0.14 |
| ABC use | 22 | 35 | 0.28 | 28 | 31 | 0.79 |
| PI use | 26 | 26 | 0.97 | 32 | 22 | 0.39 |
| Statin use | 43 | 50 | 0.63 | 48 | 47 | 0.93 |
| ARB use | 17 | 15 | 0.79 | 20 | 13 | 0.46 |
| AIDs | 35 | 38 | 0.79 | 36 | 38 | 0.91 |
| IL-6 (pg/ml) | 1.1 (0.8–1.5) | 1.7 (1.3–3.1) | 0.009 | 1.2 (0.8–1.8) | 1.7 (1.2–2.7) | 0.09 |
| sTNFR-I (pg/ml) | 1073.9 (1024.4–1175.0) | 1108.7 (1001.1–1320.9) | 0.56 | 1083.7 (1028.1–1177.3) | 1108.7 (999.0–1348.4) | 0.65 |
| sVCAM-1 (ng/ml) | 976.3 (775.7–1216.6) | 889.6 (755.4–1109.4) | 0.24 | 1021.4 (807.7–1205.8) | 874.3 (723.7–1093.9) | 0.11 |
| sCD14 (ng/ml) | 2050.8 (1676.2–2168.4) | 1950.7 (1772.4–2209.4) | 0.91 | 2050.8 (1678.9–2184.1) | 1950.6 (1776.4–2184;6) | 0.90 |
| sCD163 (ng/ml) | 771.0 (642.0–965.5) | 669.8 (550.0–725.3) | 0.06 | 771.0 (666.3–1000.8) | 666.7 (539.6–714.5) | 0.02 |
| ADMA (μmol/ml) | 0.46 (0.39–0.66) | 0.43 (0.37–0.59) | 0.36 | 0.48 (0.40–0.63) | 0.42 (0.37–0.57) | 0.23 |
Continuous values are expressed in median (IQR) and nominal values in absolute values (percentage).
p-values for comparison of undetectable versus detectable EPC groups. Data in bold for significant p-value <0.05.
ABC, abacavir; ADMA, asymmetric dimethylarginine; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; CV, cardiovascular; EPC, endothelial progenitor cell; HTN, hypertension; IL-6, interleukin-6; PBMCs, peripheral blood mononuclear cells; PI, protease inhibitor; sCD14, soluble CD14; sCD163, soluble CD163; sTNFR-I, soluble tumor necrosis factor-α receptor 1; SVCAM-1, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1.