Table 2.
Sensitivity and specificity of the five screening tools for HIV-D, any HAND and symptomatic HAND
| Cut-off point | Sensitivity (%) | Specificity (%) | PPV (%) | NPV (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IHDS (≤10) | ||||
| Normal vs. HAND | 40.95 | 86.00 | 86.00 | 40.95 |
| Normal vs. Symptomatic | 51.56 | 86.00 | 82.50 | 58.11 |
| Normal vs. HIV-D | 68.42 | 86.00 | 65.00 | 87.76 |
| IHDS (≤11) | ||||
| Normal vs. HAND | 64.76 | 62.00 | 78.16 | 45.59 |
| Normal vs. Symptomatic | 68.75 | 62.00 | 69.84 | 60.78 |
| Normal vs. HIV-D | 73.68 | 62.00 | 42.42 | 86.11 |
| MoCA (≤26) | ||||
| Normal vs. HAND | 89.32 | 22.45 | 70.77 | 50.00 |
| Normal vs. Symptomatic | 90.48 | 22.45 | 60.00 | 64.71 |
| Normal vs. HIV-D | 100.00 | 22.45 | 32.14 | 100.00 |
| MMSE (≤24) | ||||
| Normal vs. HAND | 23.81 | 97.96 | 96.15 | 37.50 |
| Normal vs. Symptomatic | 24.62 | 97.96 | 94.12 | 49.48 |
| Normal vs. HIV-D | 26.32 | 97.96 | 83.33 | 77.42 |
| SSQ (≥1) | ||||
| Normal vs. HAND | 77.64 | 32.00 | 69.37 | 35.56 |
| Normal vs. Symptomatic | 75.38 | 32.00 | 59.04 | 50.00 |
| Normal vs. HIV-D | 78.95 | 32.00 | 30.61 | 80.00 |
| CAT-Rapid (≤10) | ||||
| Normal vs. HAND | 64.42 | 52.00 | 73.63 | 41.27 |
| Normal vs. Symptomatic | 78.12 | 52.00 | 67.57 | 65.00 |
| Normal vs. HIV-D | 94.44 | 52.00 | 41.46 | 96.30 |
IHDS International HIV-Dementia Scale, MoCA Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MMSE Mini-mental state examination, SSQ Simioni, Symptom Questionnaire, CAT-Rapid Cognitive Assessment Tool-Rapid, HAND HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder = Asymptomatic Neurocognitive Impairment or Mild Neurocognitive Disorder or HIV-Dementia, HIV-D HIV Dementia, PPV positive predictive value, NPV negative predictive value. Combined scores unavailable for 3 participants (N = 153)