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Medications and dietary components used during pregnancy that are known cytochrome P450 3A4 inducers or inhibitors.
| Cytochrome P450 3A4 inducers | Cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibitors |
|---|---|
| Anticonvulsants (carbamazepine) | Azole antifungals (ketoconazole and itraconazole) |
| Bactericidals (rifampicin) | Antidepressants (nefazodone) |
| St. John’s wort | Protease inhibitors (ritonavir, indinavir, nelfinavir, and saquinavir) |
| Grapefruit juice (bergamottin) | |
| Macrolide antibiotics (clarithromycin and erythromycin) |
