Table 2.
Hemodynamic, Gas Exchange, and Ventriculography Measurements of HF and Control Subjects
| Rest
|
Exercise
|
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | HFpEF | HFrEF | Controls | HFpEF | HFrEF | Controls |
| VO2 mL/min | 307±11 | 281±9* | 298±9 | 1227±61† | 1021±50*‡ | 2049±122 |
| VO2 mL kg−1 min−1 | 3.4±0.1 | 3.4±0.1* | 3.7±0.12 | 13.9±0.5† | 12.1±0.5*‡ | 27.0±1.7 |
| CO, L/min | 5.1±0.2 | 3.7±0.1*‡ | 5.3±0.2 | 10.7±0.5† | 7.7±0.3*‡ | 15.2±0.7 |
| CI, L min−1 m−2 | 2.7±0.1 | 1.9±0.1*‡ | 2.7±0.1 | 5.2±0.2† | 3.8±0.1*‡ | 7.8±0.4 |
| SV, mL | 69±2.6 | 51±2*‡ | 74±2.8 | 88±3.6† | 68±2.8*‡ | 103±4.28 |
| SVI, mL/m2 | 36.6±1.3 | 25.6±1.0*‡ | 38.1±1.6 | 42.7±1.2† | 34.3±1.2*‡ | 52.4±2.0 |
| HR, beats/min | 75±2 | 75±0.5 | 73±1.8 | 121±3.6† | 113±3.2* | 148±3.47 |
| CaO2 mL/dL | 17.8±0.3 | 17.1±0.4 | 17.8±0.38 | 18.3±0.28 | 18.3±0.37 | 19.0±0.34 |
| CvO2 mL/dL | 11.6±0.3 | 9.4±0.3*‡ | 12.1±0.4 | 6.8±0.3† | 4.7±0.2*‡ | 5.7±0.2 |
| C(a-v)O2 mL/dL | 6.2±0.2 | 7.8±0.2*‡ | 5.7±0.2 | 11.5±0.3† | 13.5±0.3‡ | 13.3±0.3 |
| SBP, mm Hg | 150±4 | 123±3.2*‡ | 152±3.3 | 184±5.3 | 148±4.5*‡ | 190±4.9 |
| DBP, mm Hg | 74±2 | 67±1.5*‡ | 78±1.2 | 84±2.9 | 76±2.5*‡ | 86±2.2 |
| MAP, mm Hg | 99±2 | 86±2*‡ | 102±2 | 117±3.3 | 100±2.9*‡ | 120±2.2 |
| RVEF (%) | 50±1 | 38±1*‡ | 52±1.6 | 49±1.1† | 38±1.3*‡ | 55±1.4 |
| LVEF (%) | 62±1† | 30±1*‡ | 67±1.2 | 64±1.1† | 33±1*‡ | 70±1.2 |
| LVEDV, mL | 133±5 | 264±12*‡ | 117±6.5 | 152±4.5 | 275±11.4*‡ | 138±6.1 |
| LVEDVI, mL/m2 | 65±2.4 | 133±5.4*‡ | 57±3.7 | 74±2.0 | 140±5.6*‡ | 67±4.5 |
| RAP, mm Hg | 10±0.4† | 9±0.7* | 4±0.6 | 13±0.3† | 16±0.9*‡ | 8±0.6 |
| PAP, mm Hg | 30±0.9† | 35±1.7*‡ | 17±1.2 | 43±1.4† | 49±1.3*‡ | 31±0.6 |
| PCWP, mm Hg | 20±0.4† | 22±1.2* | 10±0.8 | 29±1.4† | 30±1.2* | 16±0.6 |
| Elastance (Ea), mm Hg/mL | 2.2±0.1† | 2.4±0.1* | 1.9±0.1 | 2.0±0.1† | 2.1±0.1* | 1.7±0.1 |
CI indicates cardiac index; CO, cardiac output; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; HFrEF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; HR, heart rate; LVEDV, left ventricular end diastolic volume; LVEDVI, left ventricular end diastolic volume index; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MAP, mean arterial pressure; PAP, pulmonary arterial pressure; PCWP, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure; RAP, right atrial pressure; RVEF, right ventricular ejection fraction; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SV, stroke volume; and SVI, stroke volume index.
P<0.05 between HFrEF and controls.
P<0.05 between HFpEF and controls.
P<0.05 between HFpEF and HFrEF.