. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Feb 1.

Published in final edited form as: Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2017 Dec 14;88(2):243–250. doi: 10.1111/cen.13522

Table 3.

Proportion of variance explained in quantitative and qualitative sex differences model

	Males			Females-Full Sample			Females-Restricted

	h²	c²	e²	h²	c²	e²	h²	c²	e²
Pubertal Status	.36 (.13)^**	.05 (.09)	.59 (.09)^***	.03 (.07)	.32 (.09)^***	.65 (.09)^***	.04 (.09)	.46 (.12)^***	.50 (.10)^***

Testosterone	.60 (.10)^***	.08 (.07)	.32 (.05)^***	.06 (.10)	.50 (.10)^***	.44 (.06)^***	.51 (.21)^*	.07 (.18)	.42 (.11)^***
Testosterone → Estradiol	.05 (.05)	.15 (.08)	.08 (.03)^*	.09 (.11)	.20 (.09)^*	.18 (.05)^**	.25 (.13)	< .01 (.05)	.10 (.07)
Model Implied Correlations	r_A = .32 (.14)^*	-	r_E = .44 (.07)^***	r_A = .87 (.48)	-	r_E = .51 (.08)^***	r_A = .90 (.30)^**	-	r_E = .41 (.14)^**
Estradiol Unique	.39 (.11)^***	.00 (.00)	.34 (.06)^***	.03 (.10)	.00 (.00)	.50 (.07)^***	.06 (.20)	.09 (.29)	.49 (.10)^***

Note. The model allowed for quantitative sex differences in all outcomes and cross-paths and qualitative differences in pubertal status. Variance due to shared environmental effects in pubertal status was estimated at 0 and was subsequently fixed to 0. Female-restricted participants were off hormonal contraceptives, and in the follicular phase of their menstrual cycle. Standard errors are shown in parentheses. All variables were residualized for sex-specific effects of age, age², BMI, and race; hormonal outcomes were residualized for time since waking and analytic batch. Model implied correlations are not shown for parameters estimated at < .01.

^***

significantly different than zero at p < .001;

^**

p < .01;

p < .05