Table 2.

Rates of Endocrine IRAEs Following Immunomodulatory Therapy

Description of event	n	Percentage of total sample	Percentage requiring treatment	Mean time to event (days ± SD)	Serum biochemical results (mean ± SD)
Thyroid
Overt hyperthyroidism	9	2.3%	0%	8.88 ± 16.04	TSH: 0.13 ± 0.08 μIU/mL Free T4: 362.519 ± 102.2 pmol/L Free T3: 0.57 ± 1.47 nmol/L Total T3: 2.20 ± 0.37 nmol/L
Subclinical hyperthyroidism	3	0.8%	0%	0.67 ± 0.58	TSH: 0.42 ± 0.58 μIU/mL Free T4: 19.05 ± 7.98 pmol/L Free T3: 3.64 ± 1.21 nmol/L
Overt hypothyroidism	10	2.6%	90% (9/10)	4.89 ± 9.71	TSH: 14.04 ± 24.67 μIU/mL Free T4: 51.61 ± 170.41 pmol/L Free T3: 2.61 ± 1.55 pmol/L Anti-thyroglobulin antibody (1 patient): <0.9 IU/mL Anti-thyroperoxidase antibody (1 patient): 5.6 IU/mL
Subclinical hypothyroidism	21	5.4%	0%	30.3 ± 44.61	TSH: 5.18 ± 3.46 μIU/mL Free T4: 14.29 ± 2.70 pmol/L Free T3: 0.75 ± 0.95 pmol/L Anti-thyroglobulin antibodies: 9.5% (11.95 ± 2.90 IU/mL)
Total Thyroid Events	43	11.1%	20.9% (9/43)	17.63 ± 34.21	--
Pituitary
Hypophysitis	7	1.8%	57.1% (4/7)	16.71 ± 14.75	TSH: 2.69 ± 4.1 μIU/mL Free T4: 13.89 ± 52.77 pmol/L Free T3: 2.01 ± 1.43 nmol/L Total T3: 1.08 ± 0.48 nmol/L LH: 4.5 ± 1.98 IU/L Total testosterone: 4.16± 4.93 nmol/L
Cohort total	50	12.9%	26%	17.85 ± 32.25	--

Figures in the “number” column may not add up to the totals due to exclusion of duplicates within groups (ie, overlap of patients with radiographic and biochemical findings or patients who had multiple events). Incidence rates are calculated as percentage of total study population (388 patients). Reference ranges: Anti-thyroglobulin antibody: <4 IU/mL; Anti-thyroperoxidase antibody: <20IU/mL; Free T3 index: 1.20–2.49nmol/L; Free T4: 10.29–20.59pmol/L; LH (adult female): 2–91IU/L; LH (adult male): 2–12IU/L; TSH: 0.3–4.7μIU/mL; Total T3: 1.31–2.85nmol/L; Total testosterone: 6.94–34.7nmol/l.