. 2018 Jan 10;130(1):23–30. doi: 10.1007/s00508-017-1309-5

Table 5.

Stepwise logistic regression analysis with independent variables pain intensity (VAS_dich), pain perception (SF-MPQ_dich) and pain duration (pain duration_dich)

	Crude (HLª_dich)	Controlled for sex	Controlled for sex and age	Controlled for sex, age and education
VAS ^b
OR (95%CI)	2.31 (1.11–4.83)	2.28 (1.08–4.81)	2.27 (1.07–4.82)	2.10 (0.95–4.64)
R²	0.056	0.090	0.090	0.139
SF-MPQ ^c
OR (95%CI)	1.18 (0.57–2.44)	1.21 (0.58–2.51)	1.10 (0.52–2.33)	1.11 (0.51–2.43)
R²	0.002	0.017	0.061	0.062
Pain duration
OR (95%CI)	1.38 (0.67–2.84)	1.36 (0.66–2.81)	1.53 (0.72–3.24)	1.69 (0.77–3.72)
R²	0.008	0.012	0.073	0.094

ªhealth literacy

^bVisual Analogue Scale

^cshort-form McGill Pain Questionnaire