Table 3.
Factors affecting motivations of medical students to select medicine across different country income groups
| S. No | Name of the study | Name of author | Year | Type of study | Place of study | No. of participants | Factors categorization | Individual factors |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High Income Countries | ||||||||
| 1. | Career motivation and burnout among medical students in Hungary – could altruism be a protection factor? | Gyorffy Z et al. | 2016 | Cross- Sectional Quantitative | Hungary | 733 | • Humanitarian • Scientific |
• Altruistic motivation • Gaining a degree, • Finding a job, • Accessing career opportunities. |
| 2. | Differences in medical students’ academic interest and performance across career choice motivations | Kim KJ et al. | 2016 | Cross –Sectional Quantitative |
South Korea | 195 | • Scientific • Societal |
• Intellectual curiosity • Personal illness / or death of family members • social prestige • financial gain |
| 3. | Motivation towards medical career choice and future career plans of Polish medical students. | Gąsiorowski J et al. | 2015 | Cross- Sectional Quantitative |
Poland | 262 | • Scientific • Societal |
• Desire to help others • Interest in medical subjects |
| 4. | Why medicine? Analyzing students’ motives for studying medicine | Becker JC et al. | 2015 | Cross- Sectional Quantitative |
Germany | 1545 | • Scientific • Humanitarian |
• Many-faceted workspaces • varied tasks • helping patients • scientific interest • good career prospects |
| 5. | Studying medicine – a cross-sectional questionnaire-based analysis of the motivational factors which influence graduate and undergraduate entrants in Ireland | Sulong S et al. | 2014 | Cross- Sectional-Quantitative | Ireland | 305 | • Scientific • Societal • Humanitarian |
• intellectual satisfaction, • encouragement by family/friends • financial reasons, and • professional independence. |
| 6. | A qualitative analysis of statements on motivation of applicants for medical school | Wouters A et al. | 2014 | Cross- Sectional-Qualitative | Amsterdam | 96 | • Scientific • Humanitarian • Societal |
• Research opportunities • Interest in subject • Loss of loved one • Opportunities to travel/work abroad • Contact with people |
| 7. | Applicants to the University of Adelaide Medical School: Influences, motivation and alternative career choices | Laurence CM et al. | 2013 | Cross- Sectional Quantitative |
Australia | 1097 | • Scientific • Humanitarian |
• desire to help others • an affinity for science and • enjoying interacting with others |
| 8. | Interests and perspectives of first and last year medical students | Toso A et al. | 2012 | Cross- Sectional Quantitative |
Spain | 415 | • Scientific • Humanitarian |
• social interest • interest in science and academia. |
| 9. | The medical career choice motivation- results from Hungarian study | Girasek E | 2011 | Cross- sectional Quantitative |
Hungary | 560 | • Scientific • Humanitarian |
• General interest • Intellectual work • Helping profession • Social utility |
| 10. | Effects of age, gender and educational background on strength of motivation for medical school | Kusurkar RA et al. | 2010 | Cross- sectional Quantitative |
Netherland | 620 | • Scientific | • Higher age • Pre-entrance educational background |
| 11. | Motivation, study habits, and expectations of medical students in Singapore |
Amin Z | 2009 | Cross- Sectional Mixed methods |
Singapore | 192 | • Scientific • Societal |
• interesting challenging job • Family encouragement • prefer to study overseas |
| 12. | A two factor model of performance approach goals in student motivation for starting medical school. | Wilson JI | 2009 | Cross- Sectional Quantitative |
West Indies | 180 | • Humanitarian • Societal |
• wanting to help people • being respected and successful • fulfilling a sense of achievement. |
| 13. | Why people apply to medical school: implications for widening participation activities. | McHarg J et al. | 2007 | Cross Sectional Qualitative |
United Kingdom | 15 | • Scientific • Humanitarian |
• desire to help people • desire for gainful employment • wish to give something to mankind • desire to save lives • to fulfil their lifelong ambition |
| 14. | Comparison of Career Choice Motivation and Moral Reasoning Ability between Students in Baccalaureate and Graduate-entry Programs. | Kim MK | 2007 | Cross- Sectional Quantitative |
Korea | • Scientific • Humanitarian • Societal |
• Scientific interest • Opportunities to care for people • Status • Job security |
|
| 15. | Demographics and motives of medical school applicants in Croatia. | Puljak L et al. | 2007 | Cross- Sectional Quantitative |
Croatia | 567 | • Societal • Scientific |
• Love for medical profession • Humanity of medicine • Interest in human body structure and function Interest in science • An opportunity to work/interact with people |
| 16. | The attractions of medicine: the generic motivations of medical school applicants in relation to demography, personality and achievement | McManus IC et al. | 2006 | Cross Sectional Quantitative |
London | 2867 | • Scientific • Humanitarian • Societal |
• Indispensibility • Respect • Helping others • Science |
| Upper middle income countries | ||||||||
| 17. | Achievement motivation level in students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences and its influential factors. | Kavousipour S et al. | 2015 | Cross –Sectional Quantitative |
Iran | 770 | • Societal | • family attitudes • getting good jobs in future • respect for themselves • the ability to learn • believing their role in victory and defeat • tendency toward optimism about themselves |
| 18. | The characteristics of medical students and motivation towards career choice implications for curriculum | Korkmaz H et al. | 2013 | Cross- Sectional-mixed methods | Turkey | 298 | • Societal • Humanitarian |
• Social status • Responsible job • High Income • Helping others |
| 19. | Burnout and career choice motivation in medical students. | Pagnin D et al. | 2013 | Cross- Sectional Quantitative |
Brazil | 277 | • Societal • Scientific • Humanitarian |
• Intellectual curiosity • professional autonomy • altruism • interest in human relationships |
| 20. | Factors Affecting Choice of Specialty Among First-year Medical Students of Four Universities in Different Regions of Turkey |
Dikici FM et al. | 2008 | Cross- Sectional Quantitative | Turkey | 717 | • Societal • Scientific |
• better financial opportunities • prestige • personal development • more benefits for the patient • wish to work in an urban area |
| Lower Middle Income Countries | ||||||||
| 21. | Why become a doctor? Evaluation of motivational factors for selecting medical profession as a career | Kuriakose S | 2015 | Cross sectional Quantitative |
India | 100 | • Humanitarian | • serve the poor and needy • own interest. • doctor in family. • near ones suffering from chronic illness or cancer, • themselves suffering from health problems • influenced by the lack of health care in rural areas. |
| 22. | Indian medical students in public and private sector medical schools: are motivations and career aspirations different? – studies from Madhya Pradesh, India | Diwan V et al. | 2013 | Cross –Sectional Quantitative |
India | 792 | • Humanitarian • Societal |
• Personal choice • Parent’s wish • Service • Security • Prestige |
| 23. | Why become a Doctor? Exploring the Career Aspirations and Apprehensions among Interns in South India | Seetharaman N et al. |
2012 | Cross- Sectional Quantitative | South India | 147 | • Humanitarian • Societal • Scientific |
• Personal interest & passion for the profession • financial stability • parents’ wish |
| 24. | Career Aspirations and Apprehensions Regarding Medical Education Among First Year Medical Students in Delhi | Lal P et al. | 2007 | Cross- Sectional Quantitative |
India | 189 | • Humanitarian • Societal |
• serve the sick and society • high status of a doctor in the society • father’s will • to earn money and • mother’s will |