Kaplan–Meier survival curves of mice receiving various treatment regimes. (A) Groups of mice are intraperitoneally injected with 5000 TA3Ha cells on day 0, with or without intraperitoneal treatment of cyclophosphamide (50mg/kg). PBS buffer, Qβ particle plus MPLA, or Qβ-Tn plus MPLA are administrated on days 1, 4, and 8. The survival of mice is followed for 50 days. There is significant difference in survival rates between the Qβ-Tn+CP group and the PBS group (P <0.0001) or all other treatment groups (P <0.05). Statistical analysis of survival is performed with GraphPad Prism using the log-rank test. (B) Mice surviving tumor challenge from Qβ-Tn +CP group are rechallenged with 5000 TA3Ha cells. All mice survive without any further treatment. Adapted with permission from Yin, Z., Wright, W. S., McKay, C., Baniel, C., Kaczanowska, K., Bentley, P., et al. (2015). Significant impact of immunogen design on the diversity of antibodies generated by carbohydrate-based anti-cancer vaccine. ACS Chemical Biology, 10, 2364–2372. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acschembio.5b00406. Copyright 2015 American Chemical Society.