Fig. 4.
P. aeruginosa expressing ml1419c suppresses motility and enhances biofilm formation. (a) Swimming and (b) twitching motility were suppressed in P. aeruginosa expressing tpbB and ml1419c as compared to the wild-type PAO1 strain and vector control (VC) in the presence of 0.2 % l-arabinose. Twitching and swimming motility were restored in P. aeruginosa expressing mutated ml1419c (ml1419cΔGGDEF). The diameters (mm) of (a) swim zones and (b) twitching zones were measured for four replicates of each strain and the mean was determined, *P<0.0001. (c) Biofilm formation as measured by crystal violet binding was increased in P. aeruginosa expressing tpbB and ml1419c. Biofilm formation was abrogated in P. aeruginosa expressing ml1419cΔGGDEF. The mean was determined from six replicates. *P<0.0001.