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. 2017 Nov 17;15(1):765–774. doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.7435

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Copyright: © He et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Figure 5. — Loperamide induces DNA damage in leukemia cells. (A) The comet assay was used to determine the different levels of DNA damage (long tail) in Molt-4 cell lines following treatment with (a) solvent control, (b) 5 µmol, (c) 10 µmol or (d) 20 µmol loperamide for 24 h. (B) DNA damage induced by loperamide in Molt-4 cell lines was characterized by the percentage of DNA tail and tail length. Molt-4, Thp1, ALL-P1 and AML-P1 cells were treated with various concentrations of loperamide for 24 h and the level of γ-H2AX was measured by (C) western blotting and (D) immunofluorescence staining. The results are presented as the mean ± standard deviation of three independent experiments. **P<0.01; ***P<0.001 vs. control group. ALL-P1, acute lymphocytic leukemia-patient 1; AML-P1, acute myeloid leukemia-patient 1.