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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Mar 22.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Chem Biol. 2017 Mar 22;13(4):350–359. doi: 10.1038/nchembio.2337

Figure 2. Bacterial CDNs and representative regulatory mechanisms.

Figure 2

Solid lines show direct binding or transport; dashed lines illustrate indirect effects. The prevalent distribution of c-di-GMP/cGAMP and c-di-AMP in Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, respectively, is illustrated by differences in the cell envelope, with a thick peptidoglycan layer illustrating the Gram-positive cell wall. Abbreviations are as follows: T2SS - Type 2 secretion system; T4P - type 4 pili; LmPC - L. monocytogenes pyruvate carboxylase.