Table 3.
Relationships between different categories of anemia and clinicopathological characteristics in the combined cohort.
| Variable | No anemia (n = 202) | Microcytic anemia (n = 43) | Normocytic anemia (n = 109) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | ||||
| <65 | 82 (63.1%) | 14 (10.8%) | 34 (26.2%) | 0.223 |
| ≥65 | 120 (53.6%) | 29 (12.9%) | 75 (33.5%) | |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 107 (56.9%) | 27 (14.4%) | 54 (28.7%) | 0.335 |
| Female | 95 (57.2%) | 16 (9.6%) | 55 (33.1%) | |
| Location of tumor | ||||
| Proximal colon | 39 (31.7%) | 28 (22.8%) | 56 (45.5%) | <0.001 |
| Distal colon | 40 (54.8%) | 10 (13.7%) | 23 (31.5%) | |
| Rectum | 123 (77.8%) | 5 (3.2%) | 30 (19.0%) | |
| Preoperative radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer patients | ||||
| No | 69 (76.7%) | 3 (3.3%) | 18 (20.0%) | 0.944 |
| Yes | 54 (79.4%) | 2 (2.9%) | 12 (17.6%) | |
| WHO grade | ||||
| Grade 1 | 42 (54.5%) | 14 (18.2%) | 21 (27.3%) | 0.139 |
| Grade 2 | 139 (60.7%) | 23 (10.0%) | 67 (29.3%) | |
| Grade 3 | 21 (45.7%) | 6 (13.0%) | 19 (41.3%) | |
| TNM Stage | ||||
| Stage I | 53 (65.4%) | 5 (6.2%) | 23 (28.4%) | 0.004 |
| Stage II | 50 (44.2%) | 22 (19.5%) | 41 (36.3%) | |
| Stage III | 76 (66.7%) | 12 (10.5%) | 26 (22.8%) | |
| Stage IV | 23 (51.1%) | 4 (8.9%) | 18 (40.0%) | |
| Primary tumor | ||||
| T1 | 12 (80.0%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (20.0%) | 0.007 |
| T2 | 59 (66.3%) | 5 (5.6%) | 25 (28.1%) | |
| T3 | 120 (55.3%) | 33 (15.2%) | 64 (29.5%) | |
| T4 | 11 (34.4%) | 5 (15.6%) | 16 (50.0%) | |
| Lymph node metastasis | ||||
| N0 | 105 (52.8%) | 28 (14.1%) | 66 (33.2%) | 0.159 |
| N1 | 65 (67.7%) | 7 (7.3%) | 24 (25.0%) | |
| N2 | 32 (56.1%) | 8 (14.0%) | 17 (29.8%) | |
| Distant Metastasis | ||||
| M0 | 179 (57.9%) | 39 (12.6%) | 91 (29.4%) | 0.322 |
| M1 | 23 (51.1%) | 4 (8.9%) | 18 (40.0%) | |
| Infiltrative growth pattern | ||||
| No | 158 (57.2%) | 32 (11.6%) | 86 (31.2%) | 0.792 |
| Yes | 44 (57.1%) | 11 (14.3%) | 22 (28.6%) | |
| Lymphatic invasion | ||||
| No | 107 (56.0%) | 24 (12.6%) | 60 (31.4%) | 0.894 |
| Yes | 93 (58.5%) | 18 (11.3%) | 48 (30.23%) | |
| Blood vessel invasion | ||||
| No | 167 (57.4%) | 36 (12.4%) | 88 (30.2%) | 0.821 |
| Yes | 33 (55.9%) | 6 (10.2%) | 20 (33.9%) | |
| Mismatch repair (MMR) enzyme status | ||||
| MMR Proficient | 191 (61.0%) | 34 (10.9%) | 88 (28.1%) | <0.001 |
| MMR Deficient | 11 (27.5%) | 9 (22.5%) | 20 (50.0%) | |
| BRAF VE1 immunohistochemistry | ||||
| Negative | 188 (58.8%) | 38 (11.9%) | 94 (29.4%) | 0.095 |
| Positive | 13 (39.4%) | 5 (15.2%) | 15 (45.5%) | |
| Modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS) | ||||
| 0 | 168 (62.9%) | 30 (11.2%) | 69 (25.8%) | <0.001 |
| 1 | 25 (39.7%) | 9 (14.3%) | 29 (46.0%) | |
| 2 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 8 (100%) | |
Due to the small number of macrocytic anemia cases (n = 2), macrocytic anemia category was not included in the analysis.