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. 2018 Jan 18;8:1095. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-19390-2

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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(A) The location of the splenium of corpus callosum (MNI coordinates: 23, −34, 2). (B) The relationship between the averaged fractional anisotropy and the changes in cognitive function (overall model’s adjusted r² = 0.34; F = 6.22; p < 0.001; beta = 0.0051; p < 0.001) of the splenium of corpus callosum in the training group. The results were significant at a corrected false discovery rate-corrected p < 0.05 to control for the multiple comparisons. (C) The relationship between the averaged fractional anisotropy and the changes in cognitive function (overall model’s adjusted r² = 0.06; F = 0.83; p = 0.52; beta = 0.018; p = 0.47) of the splenium of corpus callosum in the control group. (D) The relationship between the averaged radial diffusivity and the changes in cognitive function (overall model’s adjusted r² = 0.37; F = 7.04; p < 0.001; beta = −0.0193; p < 0.001) of the splenium of corpus callosum in the training group. The results were significant at a corrected false discovery rate-corrected p < 0.05 to control for the multiple comparisons. (E) The relationship between the averaged radial diffusivity and the changes in cognitive function (overall model’s adjusted r² = 0.01; F = 0.96; p = 0.47; beta < 0.001; p = 0.82) of the splenium of corpus callosum in the control group.