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. 2018 Jan 18;8:1050. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-19350-w

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Promotion of autophagy attenuates cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced kidney injury. Nephropathy as defined by serum (A) cystatin C, (C) blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels. Samples were obtained from either sham-operated or CLP mice with or without rapamycin treatment 6–8 and 24 hrs after surgery. All data were expressed as the median ± interquartile range. Data were analyzed for statistical significance using the Mann-Whitney test (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, n = 6 in each group). (B) Pathological examination. Histological findings of mouse kidney by hematoxylin and eosin staining (100×). Kidney tissue was obtained from CLP mice with rapamycin or DMSO treatment at 24 hrs after surgery. Black arrow heads show parts of cells shedding, and white double arrow heads show chromatin condensation. Renal tubules are surrounded by dotted circular lines. CLP mice kidneys (24 hrs after surgery) treated by rapamycin had significantly lower kidney injury scores than those of treated by DMSO. All data were expressed as the median ± interquartile range. Data were analyzed for statistical significance using the unpaired t test (*P < 0.05; n = 4 animals).