Fig. 3.

A DNA multi-cell TLC-NVM system. a The addresses of an array of eight individually addressable three-bit memory cells and a null cell (S₀–S₈). b Possible combinations of the three encoding bits. c–e Status of the E₁ (c), E₂ (d), and E₃ (e) bits on the eight memory cells and the null cell. f Fluorescence intensity and written data of the eight memory cells. S₀–S₈: cell 1 to cell 9. ES: encoding sequence with three non-overlapping DNA segments, one for each of the three bits (LSB, SSB, and MSB). E₁: Cy3-labeled DNA probe to encode LSB. E₂: FAM-labeled probe to encode SSB. E₃: Cy5-labeled probe to encode MSB. Scale bars are 160 µm