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. 2017 Jan 7;19(1):45–57. doi: 10.1007/s10198-016-0866-2

Table 8.

Percentage contributions of each covariate in the decomposition of wealth-related oral health inequality

Variables/Country Austria (%) Germany (%) Sweden (%) The Netherlands (%) Spain (%) Italy (%) France (%) Denmark (%) Switzerland (%) Belgium (%) Czech (%) Luxembourg (%) Slovenia (%) Estonia (%)
Age 24.94 18.38 13.29 22.85 13.27 26.63 5.87 18.42 12.09 14.17 22.38 4.50 21.57 23.67
Male −0.41 −0.78 −1.62 −0.45 −0.44 0.76 −1.27 0.30 −1.21 −1.56 −0.30 −0.16 −0.76 −1.83
Wealth 31.41 21.12 23.11 10.34 14.10 21.30 23.61 10.49 6.82 10.70 10.52 31.78 29.56 10.63
Income 7.76 7.88 14.77 15.55 2.47 5.96 17.40 6.63 7.12 13.55 0.55 11.18 12.68 5.49
Longstanding illness −0.50 1.89 0.54 1.33 2.14 2.99 2.20 1.57 0.48 0.86 4.61 0.27 0.53 0.08
Visited dentist in past 12 months 16.19 9.88 10.24 40.05 −1.02 −1.98 7.92 19.98 21.20 22.37 25.11 25.39 11.90 19.18
Economic status (reference: retired)
 Employed 2.01 −0.38 −0.69 3.91 4.09 3.03 −0.17 1.71 −2.47 1.78 4.63 2.85 1.82 11.23
 Unemployed 0.15 1.14 0.19 −1.08 −1.57 −0.32 0.75 −0.17 1.37 −0.79 0.17 0.26 −1.82 −0.15
 Sick −0.85 1.19 −0.12 −0.20 −0.07 −2.03 −0.45 0.23 2.46 2.33 −0.14 2.43 0.50 0.70
 Home maker/other 0.29 −0.31 −0.04 0.00 0.30 −3.76 −0.11 0.12 −0.27 0.13 −0.02 −0.01 2.88 0.15
Self-assessed health (reference: excellent)
 Very good −0.96 0.17 −0.15 −0.56 −0.07 2.04 0.15 −0.31 −0.53 −5.40 2.37 0.01 7.61 −0.01
 Good −0.25 −0.87 0.22 0.50 −1.53 3.06 −0.20 0.34 3.22 −0.38 1.21 −0.08 0.19 −3.91
 Fair 5.21 4.57 7.14 1.83 6.29 −0.16 5.76 2.54 7.26 8.14 −0.56 1.85 0.22 3.19
 Poor 6.34 4.64 2.01 1.13 8.15 3.49 3.29 2.51 1.78 2.82 −0.44 2.52 2.49 9.45
Education attainmenta (reference: (pre-) primary)
 Secondary −2.97 −5.26 −8.58 −2.56 5.86 3.27 −0.26 −9.21 −11.31 −3.19 −3.11 9.29 −3.33 −8.08
 Post-secondary/tertiary 13.83 13.85 24.12 17.88 11.60 12.48 18.80 26.42 27.78 27.86 11.25 10.58 23.77 22.82
Marital status (reference: married)
 Single −4.01 −1.30 −9.92 −24.14 1.51 −6.14 −10.05 2.59 −3.77 −3.75 −1.61 −5.50 −10.86 −3.65
 Sep/div −0.19 0.29 3.06 4.47 0.26 0.56 1.82 0.07 −1.30 1.43 −0.09 −2.16 0.93 1.51
 Widowed 1.67 3.07 4.15 5.48 5.87 8.58 4.59 2.06 1.87 0.28 5.34 0.46 8.71 5.27

aEducational attainment—three categories according to the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED): (pre-) primary (ISCED scores 0 and 1), secondary (ISCED scores 2 and 3), and post-secondary and tertiary (ISCED scores 4–6). See [17, 18] for a detailed description of ISCED