Fig. 1.

The recombinant C2IN-C3lim fusion toxin most efficiently inhibits the migration of J774A.1 macrophages in vitro. J774A.1 cells were grown near to confluence and a scratch with a pipet tip was made into the monolayer. Pictures from the cells were taken (indicated as 0 h) and cells were grown for further 24 h at 37 °C in the absence or presence of the following toxins: C2I + C2IIa (1 + 2 µg/mL), C2IN-C3lim (300 nM), C3bot1 (300 nM). After application of the toxins, the cells were incubated for 3 h at 37 °C without serum to enable a more efficient uptake of the toxins into the cells. Then, 10% FCS was added to the medium and cells were further incubated in the presence of serum. After 24 h of incubation, pictures from the cells were taken (indicated as 24 h). The white inserts from the middle panel are shown as enlarged pictures in the right panel to demonstrate the changes in cell morphology after an 24 h treatment with C3bot1 and C2IN-C3lim