Table 1.
Characteristics of the included samples*.
| Han | Zhuang | Yao | P | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 47 | 28 | 59 | ||||
| Male | 14 | (29.8%) | 14 | (50%) | 25 | (42.4%) | 0.110 |
| Age (yr) | 50.0 | (42.5–59.5) | 55.5 | (48.3–62.5) | 44.0 | (34.0–51.0) | 0.007 |
| BMI | 23.6 | (21.0–25.7) | 22.9 | (19.9–23.9) | 21.3 | (20.0–23.5) | 0.030 |
| weight (kg) | 58.2 | (51.4–66.5) | 58.5 | (49.5–63.3) | 49.1 | (45.8–54.8) | <0.001 |
| height (cm) | 157 | (154–164) | 158 | (153–164) | 152 | (147–157) | <0.001 |
| alcohol consumption | 0.654 | ||||||
| Never | 30 | (63.8%) | 18 | (64.3%) | 32 | (54.2%) | |
| Former | 4 | (8.5%) | 1 | (3.6%) | 4 | (6.8%) | |
| Current | 12 | (25.5%) | 7 | (25%) | 22 | (37.3%) | |
| cigarret smoking | 0.461 | ||||||
| Never | 37 | (78.7%) | 17 | (60.7%) | 39 | (66.1%) | |
| Former | 2 | (4.3%) | 1 | (3.6%) | 0 | (0%) | |
| Current | 7 | (14.9%) | 4 | (14.3%) | 12 | (20.3%) | |
| physical activity | 0.125 | ||||||
| > = 4 h/d | 18 | (38.3%) | 13 | (46.4%) | 16 | (27.1%) | |
| <4 h/d | 25 | (53.2%) | 12 | (42.9%) | 39 | (66.1%) | |
| dietary habits | |||||||
| have regular meals | 42 | (89.36%) | 25 | (89.29%) | 49 | (83.05%) | 0.716 |
| have regular breakfast | 40 | (85.11%) | 27 | (96.43%) | 58 | (98.31%) | 0.020 |
| drink unboiled water | 19 | (40.43%) | 16 | (57.14%) | 31 | (52.54%) | 0.008 |
| wash hands before meals | 41 | (87.23%) | 17 | (60.71%) | 49 | (83.05%) | 0.013 |
| wash teeth regularly | 45 | (95.74%) | 28 | (100%) | 52 | (88.14%) | 0.110 |
| prevalent taste | |||||||
| salty | 42 | (89.36%) | 24 | (85.71%) | 45 | (76.27%) | 0.233 |
| spicy | 42 | (89.36%) | 27 | (96.43%) | 54 | (91.53%) | 0.600 |
| sugary | 42 | (89.36%) | 24 | (85.71%) | 56 | (94.92%) | 0.353 |
*Continual variables were present as median values (25–75th percentile) and p was calculated by Kruskal-Wallis rank-sum test, whereas categorical variables were present as frequencies and proportions, and p was calculated by Fisher’s exact test.