Table 3.

Multiple Linear Regression of the Association between Different Smoking Behavior and EQ-5D Index Study Participants in Kermanshah, Western Iran, 2017

	Mean EQ-5D index±SD	EQ-5D index
		Coefficient	P-value	95 %confidence interval
Smoking statusa
Never smoker	0.78 ±0.16	Reference	-	-
Past smoker	0.70 ±0.22	-0.057	0	-0.079 to -0.035
Current smoker	0.69 ±0.20	-0.065	0.001	-0.105 to -0.025
Smoking intensityb
Heavy smoker	0.62 ±0.28	Reference	-	-
Moderate smoker	0.72 ±0.20	0.067	0.031	0.006 to 0.127
Slight smoker	0.73 ±0.20	0.074	0.005	0.022 to 0.127
Nicotine dependencec
No dependence	0.77 ±0.16	Reference	-	-
Low	0.75 ±0.19	-0.027	0.05	-0.053 to 0.0004
Middle	0.70 ±0.22	-0.047	0.006	-0.079 to -0.014
High	0.52 ±0.26	-0.17	0	-0.221 to -0.121

Adjusted for age, gender, physical activity, marital status, chronic diseases, income, health insurance, educational level, BMI. ^a, Adj R-squared is 0.29; ^b, Adj R-squared is 0.39; ^c, Adj R-squared is 0.30.