Table 1.
Participant characteristics of toddlers living in Edmonton, Canada
| (n = 151) | |
|---|---|
| Age (M ± SD) | 19.0 ± 1.9 months |
| Sex (females, %) | 47.0 |
| Ethnicity/race (%) | |
| European-Canadian/Caucasian | 59.6 |
| Othera | 40.4 |
| Household income (n = 144) (%) | |
| > $100,000 | 48.6 |
| $50,000 to $100,000 | 39.6 |
| ≤ $50,000 | 11.8 |
| Main type of child care (%) | |
| Parental | 32.5 |
| Day care centre | 17.2 |
| Home day care | 15.8 |
| Other | 34.5 |
| Height (centimetres) (n = 140) (M ± SD) | 82.2 ± 7.2 |
| Weight (kilograms) (n = 140) (M ± SD) | 11.2 ± 1.5 |
| Body mass index z-scoreb (n = 140) (M ± SD) | 0.6 ± 1.2 |
| Accelerometry data (M ± SD) | |
| Wear days | 6.3 ± 1.0 |
| Wear time (minutes/day) | 10.3 ± 1.4 |
| Physical activity (minutes/day) (M ± SD) | |
| Light-intensity physical activity | 240.2 ± 29.3 |
| Moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity | 58.7 ± 18.7 |
| Total physical activity | 298.9 ± 40.9 |
| Sedentary behaviour (minutes/day) (M ± SD) | |
| Sedentary time | 316.7 ± 40.6 |
| Television viewing | 74.0 ± 82.5 |
| Video game | 11.2 ± 32.7 |
| Total screen time (television viewing + video game) | 85.2 ± 97.1 |
| Restrained <1 h at a time/week (%) (n = 150) | |
| 0 day | 14.0 |
| 1 days | 8.7 |
| 2 days | 8.7 |
| 3 days | 11.3 |
| 4 days | 6.0 |
| 5 days | 6.0 |
| 6 days | 11.3 |
| 7 days | 34.0 |
| Sleep (hours/day) (M ± SD) | |
| Nap | 2.0 ± 0.7 |
| Night sleep | 10.6 ± 1.4 |
| Total sleep | 12.6 ± 1.3 |
Values represent mean ± standard deviation (M ± SD) for continuous variables and percentage (%) for categorical variables
aOther included Aboriginal/First Nation, African-Canadian, Arabic, Asian/Pacific Islander, Hispanic/Latino/Latina, and others (self-expressed)
bBMI z-scores were calculated according to the World Health Organization (WHO) growth standards [38]