TABLE 3.

Phenotype ratios of nicotine metabolism enzymes during pregnancy and postpartum

Mean (S.D.) of each phenotype ratio and results from general linear repeated measures models with post hoc analyses correcting for multiple testing (Bonferroni) across the three pregnancy stages. No statistically significant differences were found between early and late pregnancy stages.

Enzyme Phenotypes	Early Pregnancy	Late Pregnancy	Postpartum	Main Effect of Time
3HC + 3HC-GLUC/COT	8.1 (8.0)*	10.4 (8.0)***	5.2 (3.5)	P < 0.001
NIC-GLUC/NIC	4.9 (7.0)	9.7 (17.5)*	2.3 (4.0)	P = 0.006
COT-GLUC/COT	3.4 (3.8)**	4.5 (3.6)***	1.8 (1.3)	P < 0.001
3HC-GLUC/3HC	0.12 (0.04)	0.12 (0.04)	0.11 (0.06)	P = 0.19
NNO/NIC	4.0 (6.8)	4.1 (3.9)	2.8 (4.7)	P = 0.33
CNO/COT	0.44 (0.33)	0.53 (0.34)	0.40 (0.22)	P = 0.08
NNIC/NIC	0.45 (1.14)	0.57 (0.73)	0.32 (0.68)	P = 0.18
NCOT/COT	0.12 (0.07)	0.16 (0.24)	0.10 (0.08)	P = 0.19

^*Indicates significant differences from postpartum as P < 0.05.

^**Indicates significant differences from postpartum as P < 0.01.

^***Indicates significant differences from postpartum as P < 0.001.